Table 2.

Factors Associated with Gait Speed Change in Multivariable Models

Characteristic at HAILO entry	Development of slow gait (OR, 95% CI)	Resolution of slow gait (OR, 95% CI)
NCI vs. no NCI	3.47 (1.57–7.69); p = .0022
Age (years)	1.01 (0.97–1.06); p = .57	0.92 (0.86–0.98); p = .013
Heavy alcohol drinker vs. abstainer	0.72 (0.27–1.89); p = .50
Light alcohol drinker vs. abstainer	0.56 (0.26–1.2); p = .14
Moderate alcohol drinker vs. abstainer	0.68 (0.15–3.13); p = .62
BMI (kg/m2)	1.00 (0.93–1.07); p = .95	0.94 (0.84–1.04); p = .22
Education (≥12 years vs. <12 years)	0.70 (0.29–1.71); p = .43
HbA1C (per 1% increase)	1.36 (1.03–1.81); p = .033
Waist circumference (high vs. normal)	1.63 (0.65–4.07); p = .23	0.61 (0.16–2.41); p = .48
Peripheral neuropathy	1.59 (0.82–3.12); p = .17
Black, non-Hispanic vs. white, non-Hispanic race	2.45 (1.08–5.59); p = .033
Hispanic vs. white, non-Hispanic race	1.11 (0.38–3.20); p = .85
Female vs. male sex	1.14 (0.49–2.65); p = .76

Covariates with p < 0.05 are italicized and in bold.

Characteristics were measured at baseline unless otherwise indicated.

CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.