Table 3.
Identities of elements in bulk feedstock resin, airborne particles emitted during vat polymerization 3-D printing, and printed objects.
| Elemental compositionA,B | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Printer | Resin | Bulk feedstock resin by ICP | Airborne particles by EDX | Printed objects by ICP |
| Form 1 + | Form Labs | Al, Cr, P, Sb, Sn, Ti | Ca, Cr, Fe, Ni, Si | Al, As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Sn, Ti, V, Zn |
| M-One | Form Labs | Al, Cr, P, Sb, Sn, Ti | Al, Cl, Fe, Na, P, Si, Ti | Al, As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Sn, Ti, V, Zn |
| Pegasus Touch | Alchemy Universal | Al, Ba, Cr, P, Sb, Sn, Ti | Al, Ca, Fe, Na, S, Si | Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Sn, Ti, V, Zn |
| Noble 1.0A | XYZPrinting | Al, Cr, P, Sn, Ti | Al, Cr, Fe, Mg, Ni, P, Si, Zn | Al, As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Sn, Ti, V, Zn |
| Titan 1 | Spot – HT | Al, Cr, Cu, P, Pb, Sn, Ti | Al, Ba, Fe, Mg, Na, P, S, Si, Zn | Al, As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Sn, Ti, V, Zn |
A
ICP = inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, EDX = energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Al = aluminum, As = arsenic, Ba = barium, Ca = calcium, Cd = cadmium, Cl = chlorine, Co = cobalt, Cr = chromium, Cu = copper, Fe = iron, Mg = magnesium, Mn = manganese, Mo = molybdenum, Na = sodium, Ni = nickel, P = phosphorous, Pb = lead, S = sulfur, Sb = antimony, Si = silicon, Sn = tin, Ti = titanium, V = vanadium, Zn = zinc
B
Elements in bold font are present in both the bulk resin and airborne particles, elements in italics are present in both the airborne particles and the built object.