Figure 6:

Transfer of resveratrol-treated fecal contents leads to amelioration of colitis. Female Balb/c mice were treated for 4 weeks with streptomycin and ampicillin (1g/L) prior to being injected intrarectally with 1mg of TNBS to induce colitis. Antibiotic-treated mice were weighed (A) and PCR performed on colonic flush samples to determine abundance of bacteria in the gut compared to naïve mice (B-C). These mice received fecal transfer (FT) from either colitis disease groups, (FT) TNBS+Vehicle, or from TNBS+Resveratrol-treatment groups, (FT) TNBS+RES. The percent weight loss (D) was determined over the course of the study. Colon lengths were measured upon sacrifice (E-F). Serum biomarkers for SAA (G), MPO (H), LCN2 (I) were detected using ELISA kits. Endoscopic images (J, top panel) and H&E stains of colons (J, bottom panel) are depicted (n=5 per group). Colonoscopy scores (K, top) and histological scores (K, bottom) are provided. Cells were isolated from mesenteric lymph nodes of experimental groups and absolute cell numbers from fecal transfer experiments were determined for CD4⁺FOXP3⁺ (L), CD4⁺IL10⁺ (M), CD4⁺IL17⁺ (N) and CD4⁺IFNγ⁺ (O). PCR validation from colonic flushes was performed after fecal transfer to confirm alterations in Akkermansia muciphila (P) Ruminococcus gnavus (Q) and Bacteroides acidifaciens (R), using delta-delta CT method with comparison to Vehicle controls. Each group had 10 recipient mice in this experiment and significance (p-value: *<0.05, **<0.01, ***<0.005, ****<0.001) was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc multiple comparisons test.