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. 2019 Nov 19;9:17034. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-53579-3

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Reduced number of spongiotrophoblast islets in E18.5 placentas from JWH-133 father. (A) PAS staining of placenta cross-sections from CTRL and JWH-133 fathers. JWH-133 derived placenta is smaller than CTRL placenta. Glycogen cells are stained deep purple by PAS. A reduced number of glycogen cell islets within the labyrinth layer was observed in the placenta from JWH-133 father. This is consistent with the presence of a thinner and less invasive spongiotrophoblast layer. Scale bar: 1 mm. (B) Magnification view of the spongiotrophoblast islets. Scale bar: 100 µm. (C) Scatter plot of the number of islets/section showing the reduced number of islets in placenta from JWH-133 father (24.67 ± 1.03 in JWH-133 vs 59.17 ± 5.04 in CTRL). The number was counted by using five cross-sections for each placenta (n = 5) for each group. Error bars show SD. ****P < 0.0001.