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. 2019 Nov 13;10:2661. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02661

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Copyright © 2019 Jawinski, Hartmann, Singh, Kinnear, Busse, Ciabattini, Fiorino, Medaglini, Trombetta, Montomoli, Contreras, Le Grand, Coiffier, Primard, Verrier and Tregoning.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Ciliate produced rHA induces an antibody response in mice. BALB/c mice were immunized three times at 3 weekly intervals with either 15 μg A/Cal (A–C) or 30 μg B/Bri (D–F) by the intramuscular (i.m.) or subcutaneous (s.c.) routes. A/Cal-specific and B/Bri-specific IgG were evaluated in sera collected before immunization (week -1) and at weeks 3, 6 and 8, by ELISA. Values are reported as geometric mean titers (GMT) ± 95% CI of 6 mice per group (A,D). Sera for haemagglutination inhibition (HAI: B,E) and microneutralization (MN: C,F) analysis were collected at week 8. Symbols represents individual mice and bars represents the mean of n = 6 animals (B,C,E,F). ^**p < 0.01 between i.m. at week 8 and other time points, ^##p < 0.01 between s.c. at week 8 and other time points by ANOVA and Tukey post test for multiple comparisons.