Mutations of SETD1A affect spine development. A–L Mouse primary cortical neurons transfected at 5 DIV with GFP alone, SETD1A WT, or the SETD1A R913C, Q269R, G1369R, or R1392H mutations. Neurons were fixed for immunohistochemistry at 14 DIV with GFP antibody for average spine density determination. The secondary branches of dendrites were chosen for spine number counting. Scale bars, 50 μm (A–F) and 10 μm (G–L). M Average spine density measured as the number of spines 10 µm dendritic length (one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test, ****P < 0.0001).