Fig. 1.

Dose-dependent inhibition of osteoclast formation byL.reuteri. Osteoclast differentiation was induced with the addition of 100 ng/mL RANKL. Giant multinucleated cells that stained positive for TRAP and with ≥ 3 nuclei were considered osteoclasts (A). Light microscopy images (B) were taken and demonstrate an increase in osteoclast formation with decreasing levels of L. reuteri CCS used. This was performed three times in total and the reported result is a representative experiment with associated standard deviation, *p < 0.05 compared to untreated and MEM-α (vehicle control) conditions as determined by one-way ANOVA.