Figure 3.

Time profiles of ADD fermentation and the extracellular H₂O₂ concentrations and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by strain JC-12_yodC (hollow) and strain JC-12_yodC-katA (solid). (A) the cell growth; (B) the ADD production, (C) extracellular H₂O₂ concentration; (D) intracellular ROS levels. N, the number of CFU (colony forming units) per mL of culture broth. 20 g/L phytosterol was used as a substrate to carry out the fermentation. The results are shown in biological triplicate. One-way ANOVA was used to examine the mean differences between the points of the data groups. *** p < 0.001. The statistical significance has been found between the two analyzed strains. Error bars showed standard deviations.