| AD | 4-androstene-3,17-dione |
| ADD | androst-1,4-diene-3,17-dione |
| CFU | colony forming units |
| HP-β-CD | hydroxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin |
| H2O2 | hydrogen peroxide |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| NOX | NADH oxidase |
| DCFH-DA | 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate |
| GC | gas chromatography |
| HPLC | high performance liquid chromatography |