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. 2019 Nov 1;24(21):3961. doi: 10.3390/molecules24213961

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Steps in the biosynthesis of (−)-menthol and related p-menthanes in peppermint (M. x piperita). Enzyme abbreviations are as follows; LS–(−)-limonene synthase, L3OH—(−)-limonene 3-hydroxylase, iPD— (−)-trans-isopiperitenol dehydrogenase, iPR—(−)-trans-isopiperitenone reductase, iPI—(+)-cis-isopulegone isomerase, PR—(+)-pulegone reductase, MR—(−)-menthone reductase, MFS—(+)-menthofuran synthase. OPP signifies a pyrophosphate group. The box indicates the branch pathway leading to (+)-menthofuran.