Table 3.
Essential nutrition actions in ANC—iron and folic acid supplementation in mothers with children 0–11 months in Ethiopia, Kenya and Senegal
| Control | Intervention | Intervention effect | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||||||||||||||
| Baseline | Endline | Differ | OR | p | Baseline | Endline | Differ | OR | p | DID | OR | p | OR | p a | |
| % of mothers who took any IFA supplements during the pregnancy | |||||||||||||||
| Ethiopia | 21.73 | 65.59 | 43.86 | 6.87 | <.001 | 17.87 | 64.87 | 47.00 | 8.60 | <.001 | 3.14 | 1.26 | .153 | 1.92 | .001 |
| Kenya | 60.09 | 93.70 | 33.61 | 9.84 | <.001 | 66.59 | 90.68 | 24.09 | 5.15 | <.001 | −9.52 | 0.52 | .048 | 0.41 | .009 |
| Senegal | 97.00 | 92.80 | −4.20 | 0.40 | .004 | 93.88 | 96.69 | 2.81 | 1.92 | .001 | 7.01 | 4.82 | <.001 | 5.20 | <.001 |
| Combined | 59.60 | 84.03 | 24.42 | 59.45 | 84.08 | 24.63 | 0.21 | 1.47 | .033 | 1.60 | .005 .465 | ||||
| % of mothers who took IFA during the latest pregnancy for ≥ 90 days | |||||||||||||||
| Ethiopia | 0.82 | 18.09 | 17.27 | 26.42 | <.001 | 0.50 | 22.95 | 22.45 | 58.76 | <.001 | 5.18 | 2.23 | .171 | 1.93 | .401 |
| Kenya | 20.64 | 18.64 | −2.00 | 0.94 | .767 | 22.41 | 35.88 | 13.47 | 2.00 | <.001 | 15.47 | 2.14 | .005 | 2.01 | .018 |
| Senegal | 80.13 | 84.13 | 4.00 | 1.32 | .096 | 53.48 | 60.71 | 7.23 | 1.36 | <.001 | 3.23 | 1.04 | .839 | 0.95 | .804 |
| Combined | 33.86 | 40.29 | 6.42 | 25.46 | 39.85 | 14.38 | 7.96 | 1.70 | .011 | 1.55 | .088 .301 | ||||
| % of mothers who received advice from both facility & community personnel on IFA supplements | |||||||||||||||
| Senegal | 88.09 | 77.68 | −10.41 | 0.47 | <.001 | 83.58 | 86.70 | 3.12 | 1.28 | .020 | 13.53 | 2.73 | <.001 | 2.37 | <.001 |
| % of mothers who received advice on IFA supplements from facility personnel | |||||||||||||||
| Ethiopia | 18.43 | 47.79 | 29.36 | 4.05 | <.001 | 13.43 | 43.97 | 30.54 | 5.15 | <.001 | 1.18 | 1.28 | .138 | 2.24 | <.001 |
| % of mothers who received advice on IFA supplements from facility personnel during postnatal visit | |||||||||||||||
| Kenya | 9.17 | 2.36 | −6.81 | 0.25 | .001 | 3.66 | 1.13 | −2.53 | 0.31 | .035 | 4.28 | 1.25 | .751 | 1.71 | .459 |
| % of mothers who knew at least one benefit of consuming IFA | |||||||||||||||
| Ethiopia | 20.70 | 62.65 | 41.95 | 6.40 | <.001 | 15.56 | 62.44 | 46.88 | 9.06 | <.001 | 4.93 | 1.42 | .029 | 2.11 | <.001 |
Note. ANC = antenatal care; DID = difference in differences; IFA = iron folic acid.
a
For combined adjusted analyses, two p values were calculated without and with incorporating heterogeneity among countries, respectively.