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. 2019 Nov 1;24(21):3964. doi: 10.3390/molecules24213964

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Flame retardancy analysis of epoxy resins containing combinatorial flame retardant systems in terms of the FRI values as a function of combinatorial flame retardants systems retardant type and content. Symbols are indicative of different types of combinatorial flame retardants systems used. Hollow symbols are indicative of fiber-incorporated composites with details earlier given in the bottom of Table 1 as notes a to i. Here: DiDOPO-1.5/GN-1.5 [28], DiDOPO-10/MWCNT-0.8 [29], DiDOPO-3.5/OMMT-3.5 [30], DiDOPO-0.5/OLDH-0.5, DiDOPO-2.5/OLDH-2.5, DiDOPO-5/OLDH-5 [31], IFR-40, IFR-39/CES-1, IFR-38/CES-2, IFR-37/CES-3, IFR-35/CES-5 [208], DOPO-15/P-KC-15, DOPO-20/P-KC-10, DOPO-25/P-KC-5 [41], mAPP-5/PER-5, mAPP-5/RCC-5, mAPP-5/ORCC-5 [209], PEPA–TMA-12/MCA-6, PEPA–TMA-16/MCA-8, PEPA–TMA-20/MCA-10 [210], ZIF8-1/MgAl-LDH-1, ZIF67-1/MgAl-LDH-1 [170], TAT-18/DOPO-2, TAT-16/DOPO-4, TAT-14/DOPO-6, TAT-12/DOPO-8, TAT-18/HPCP-2, TAT-16/HPCP-4, TAT-14/HPCP-6, TAT-12/HPCP-8 [52], EDA-APP-19/Cu₂O-2 [55], CP-6B-3/MH-0.5 [56], IFR-20, IFR-19.5/HGM-0.5, IFR-19/HGM-1, IFR-18/HGM-2, IFR-16/HGM-4 [211], APP-5/PSA-5 [58], MFAPP-6.25/PER-6.25, MFAPP-6.25/ST-6.25, MFAPP-6.25/OST-6.25 [212], EG-16/DOPO-4, EG-14/DOPO-6, EG-12/DOPO-8, EG-10/DOPO-10, EG-16/HPCP-4, EG-14/HPCP-6, EG-12/HPCP-8, EG-10/HPCP-10 [66], TMT-8.3/DOPO-2.7, TMT-8.2/DOPO-4.1, TMT-8.1/DOPO-5.6, TMT-8/DOPO-7 [67], DOPO-3/APHP-3, DOPO-4/APHP-2 [75], TAD-4/OMMT-1 [77], FR-20/APP-10, FR-15/APP-15, FR-12/APP-18, FR-10/APP-20 [213], ATCP-15/FRHA-1, ATCP-15/FRHA-3, ATCP-15/FRHA-5 [89], ATCP-15/FRHA-1, ATCP-15/FRHA-3, ATCP-15/FRHA-5 [90], APP-4/MMT-6 [93], DOPO-5/MMT-1 [94], BDP-6.7/PHP-3.3 [95], OPS-2.5/DOPO-2.5 [102], DOPO-3.1/OPS-2.1, DOPO-3.1/PPSQ-2.1 [103], DOPO-3.1/OPS-2.1, DOPO-3.1/OAPS-2.3 [104], OPS-2.5/DOPO-2.5 [105], OPS-2.1/PEPA-2.6, OPS-2.1/APP-1.4, OPS-2.1/DOPO-3.1 [106], ODPSS-2.5/DOPO-2.5 [115], BBO-10/PPA-10 [214], T8POSS-5/TGIC-5 [174], APP-4.83/CoSA-0.17 [117], CBz-8/BGN-2, CBz-13/BGN-2, CBz-18/BGN-2 [118], Mel-APP-18/LDH-2, Mel-APP-18/HNT-2 [120], oDOPI-17.76/MPP-15, AlO(OH)-30/oDOPI-11.05, MPP-15/PZ-1.54, AlO(OH)-30/PZ-3.08 [124], AHP-4.5/ACS@SnO₂@NiO-0.5 [125], Mel-APP-19.97/Talc-9.73 [126], MPP-10/MPZnP-10, AlPi-Et-10/MPZnP-10, DOPAc-Bu-10/MPZnP-10, AlO(OH)-10/MPZnP-10, MPZnP-10/SiO₂-10, MPP-13.4/MPZnP-6.6, AlPi-Et-13.4/MPZnP-6.6, DOPAc-Bu-13.4/MPZnP-6.6, AlO(OH)-13.4/MPZnP-6.6, SiO₂-13.4/MPZnP-6.6 [127], HPCTP-10/OGPOSS-5, HPCTP-7.5/OGPOSS-7.5, HPCTP-5/OGPOSS-10 [129], CP-10/TPP-MMT-5 [130], CP-10/TPP-MMT-5 [130], CP-10/TPP-MMT-5 [130], MoS₂-1/TNT-1 [176], APP-15/PER-HNT-10 [215], S600-10/AlPi-10, S600-10/AlO(OH)-10, S600-10/MPP-10 [147], SDPS-5.2/SPDM-5.2 [136], AlPi-4.7/MPP-2.3, AlPi-4.5/MPP-2.25/Al₂O₃-0.25 [47], APP-8/CSA-2, APP-7.5/CSA-2.5, APP-6.7/CSA-3.3 [139], BN 12 μm-33.75/BN 2 μm-11.25, BN 12 μm-33.75/BT 2 μm-11.25 [182], IFR-30, IFR-29.5/FeP-0.5, IFR-29/FeP-1, IFR-28/FeP-2, IFR-27/FeP-3 [216], IFR-30, IFR-29.5/αFeOOH-0.5, IFR-29/αFeOOH-1, IFR-28/αFeOOH-2, IFR-27/αFeOOH-3 [217], IFR-30, IFR-29.5/iron oxide brown-0.5, IFR-29/iron oxide brown-1, IFR-28/iron oxide brown-2, IFR-27/iron oxide brown-3 [218], Ni–Fe LDH-2/GN-2 [193], APP-22.5/PER-7.5 [152], IFR-30, IFR29.5/Fe-OMMT-0.5, IFR-29/Fe-OMMT-1, IFR-28/Fe-OMMT-2, IFR-27/Fe-OMMT-3 [219], APP-20/I.30E-3 [160], Mel-APP-8.59/LDH-0.96, Mel-APP-8.65/HNT-0.96 [120], Mel-APP-9.93/Talc-4.84 [126], , IFR-5/Vis-5, Ky-5/IFR-5 [163,164], ZB-0.5/Mg(OH)₂-0.5, ZB-3.75/Mg(OH)₂-3.75, ZB-7.5/Mg(OH)₂-7.5, ZB-12.5/Mg(OH)₂-12.5, ZB-0.5/Al(OH)₃-0.5, ZB-3.75/Al(OH)₃-3.75, ZB-7.5/Al(OH)₃-7.5, ZB-12.5/Al(OH)₃-12.5 [205], MP-4.5/GN-0.5, DOPO-4.5/GN-0.5 [166], PFR-25/ZB-5 [220], IFR-2.5/Vis-2.5, IFR-2.5/Vis-5, IFR-2.5/Vis-7.5, IFR-2.5/Vis-10, IFR-2.5/Vis-12.5, IFR-5/Vis-2.5, IFR-5/Vis-5, IFR-5/Vis-7.5, IFR-5/Vis-10, IFR-7.5/Vis-2.5, IFR-7.5/Vis-5, IFR-7.5/Vis-7.5, IFR-10/Vis-2.5, IFR-10/Vis-5, IFR-12.5/Vis-2.5, IFR-15/Vis-2.5 [167], T8POSS-2.5/TGIC-2.5 [174], IFR-2.5/Vis-2.5, IFR-3.75/Vis-3.75, IFR-7.5/Vis-2.5 [221].

Inline graphic — Flame retardancy analysis of epoxy resins containing combinatorial flame retardant systems in terms of the FRI values as a function of combinatorial flame retardants systems retardant type and content. Symbols are indicative of different types of combinatorial flame retardants systems used. Hollow symbols are indicative of fiber-incorporated composites with details earlier given in the bottom of Table 1 as notes a to i. Here: DiDOPO-1.5/GN-1.5 [28], DiDOPO-10/MWCNT-0.8 [29], DiDOPO-3.5/OMMT-3.5 [30], DiDOPO-0.5/OLDH-0.5, DiDOPO-2.5/OLDH-2.5, DiDOPO-5/OLDH-5 [31], IFR-40, IFR-39/CES-1, IFR-38/CES-2, IFR-37/CES-3, IFR-35/CES-5 [208], DOPO-15/P-KC-15, DOPO-20/P-KC-10, DOPO-25/P-KC-5 [41], mAPP-5/PER-5, mAPP-5/RCC-5, mAPP-5/ORCC-5 [209], PEPA–TMA-12/MCA-6, PEPA–TMA-16/MCA-8, PEPA–TMA-20/MCA-10 [210], ZIF8-1/MgAl-LDH-1, ZIF67-1/MgAl-LDH-1 [170], TAT-18/DOPO-2, TAT-16/DOPO-4, TAT-14/DOPO-6, TAT-12/DOPO-8, TAT-18/HPCP-2, TAT-16/HPCP-4, TAT-14/HPCP-6, TAT-12/HPCP-8 [52], EDA-APP-19/Cu₂O-2 [55], CP-6B-3/MH-0.5 [56], IFR-20, IFR-19.5/HGM-0.5, IFR-19/HGM-1, IFR-18/HGM-2, IFR-16/HGM-4 [211], APP-5/PSA-5 [58], MFAPP-6.25/PER-6.25, MFAPP-6.25/ST-6.25, MFAPP-6.25/OST-6.25 [212], EG-16/DOPO-4, EG-14/DOPO-6, EG-12/DOPO-8, EG-10/DOPO-10, EG-16/HPCP-4, EG-14/HPCP-6, EG-12/HPCP-8, EG-10/HPCP-10 [66], TMT-8.3/DOPO-2.7, TMT-8.2/DOPO-4.1, TMT-8.1/DOPO-5.6, TMT-8/DOPO-7 [67], DOPO-3/APHP-3, DOPO-4/APHP-2 [75], TAD-4/OMMT-1 [77], FR-20/APP-10, FR-15/APP-15, FR-12/APP-18, FR-10/APP-20 [213], ATCP-15/FRHA-1, ATCP-15/FRHA-3, ATCP-15/FRHA-5 [89], ATCP-15/FRHA-1, ATCP-15/FRHA-3, ATCP-15/FRHA-5 [90], APP-4/MMT-6 [93], DOPO-5/MMT-1 [94], BDP-6.7/PHP-3.3 [95], OPS-2.5/DOPO-2.5 [102], DOPO-3.1/OPS-2.1, DOPO-3.1/PPSQ-2.1 [103], DOPO-3.1/OPS-2.1, DOPO-3.1/OAPS-2.3 [104], OPS-2.5/DOPO-2.5 [105], OPS-2.1/PEPA-2.6, OPS-2.1/APP-1.4, OPS-2.1/DOPO-3.1 [106], ODPSS-2.5/DOPO-2.5 [115], BBO-10/PPA-10 [214], T8POSS-5/TGIC-5 [174], APP-4.83/CoSA-0.17 [117], CBz-8/BGN-2, CBz-13/BGN-2, CBz-18/BGN-2 [118], Mel-APP-18/LDH-2, Mel-APP-18/HNT-2 [120], oDOPI-17.76/MPP-15, AlO(OH)-30/oDOPI-11.05, MPP-15/PZ-1.54, AlO(OH)-30/PZ-3.08 [124], AHP-4.5/ACS@SnO₂@NiO-0.5 [125], Mel-APP-19.97/Talc-9.73 [126], MPP-10/MPZnP-10, AlPi-Et-10/MPZnP-10, DOPAc-Bu-10/MPZnP-10, AlO(OH)-10/MPZnP-10, MPZnP-10/SiO₂-10, MPP-13.4/MPZnP-6.6, AlPi-Et-13.4/MPZnP-6.6, DOPAc-Bu-13.4/MPZnP-6.6, AlO(OH)-13.4/MPZnP-6.6, SiO₂-13.4/MPZnP-6.6 [127], HPCTP-10/OGPOSS-5, HPCTP-7.5/OGPOSS-7.5, HPCTP-5/OGPOSS-10 [129], CP-10/TPP-MMT-5 [130], CP-10/TPP-MMT-5 [130], CP-10/TPP-MMT-5 [130], MoS₂-1/TNT-1 [176], APP-15/PER-HNT-10 [215], S600-10/AlPi-10, S600-10/AlO(OH)-10, S600-10/MPP-10 [147], SDPS-5.2/SPDM-5.2 [136], AlPi-4.7/MPP-2.3, AlPi-4.5/MPP-2.25/Al₂O₃-0.25 [47], APP-8/CSA-2, APP-7.5/CSA-2.5, APP-6.7/CSA-3.3 [139], BN 12 μm-33.75/BN 2 μm-11.25, BN 12 μm-33.75/BT 2 μm-11.25 [182], IFR-30, IFR-29.5/FeP-0.5, IFR-29/FeP-1, IFR-28/FeP-2, IFR-27/FeP-3 [216], IFR-30, IFR-29.5/αFeOOH-0.5, IFR-29/αFeOOH-1, IFR-28/αFeOOH-2, IFR-27/αFeOOH-3 [217], IFR-30, IFR-29.5/iron oxide brown-0.5, IFR-29/iron oxide brown-1, IFR-28/iron oxide brown-2, IFR-27/iron oxide brown-3 [218], Ni–Fe LDH-2/GN-2 [193], APP-22.5/PER-7.5 [152], IFR-30, IFR29.5/Fe-OMMT-0.5, IFR-29/Fe-OMMT-1, IFR-28/Fe-OMMT-2, IFR-27/Fe-OMMT-3 [219], APP-20/I.30E-3 [160], Mel-APP-8.59/LDH-0.96, Mel-APP-8.65/HNT-0.96 [120], Mel-APP-9.93/Talc-4.84 [126], , IFR-5/Vis-5, Ky-5/IFR-5 [163,164], ZB-0.5/Mg(OH)₂-0.5, ZB-3.75/Mg(OH)₂-3.75, ZB-7.5/Mg(OH)₂-7.5, ZB-12.5/Mg(OH)₂-12.5, ZB-0.5/Al(OH)₃-0.5, ZB-3.75/Al(OH)₃-3.75, ZB-7.5/Al(OH)₃-7.5, ZB-12.5/Al(OH)₃-12.5 [205], MP-4.5/GN-0.5, DOPO-4.5/GN-0.5 [166], PFR-25/ZB-5 [220], IFR-2.5/Vis-2.5, IFR-2.5/Vis-5, IFR-2.5/Vis-7.5, IFR-2.5/Vis-10, IFR-2.5/Vis-12.5, IFR-5/Vis-2.5, IFR-5/Vis-5, IFR-5/Vis-7.5, IFR-5/Vis-10, IFR-7.5/Vis-2.5, IFR-7.5/Vis-5, IFR-7.5/Vis-7.5, IFR-10/Vis-2.5, IFR-10/Vis-5, IFR-12.5/Vis-2.5, IFR-15/Vis-2.5 [167], T8POSS-2.5/TGIC-2.5 [174], IFR-2.5/Vis-2.5, IFR-3.75/Vis-3.75, IFR-7.5/Vis-2.5 [221].