Table 2.
Logistic regression models for the effect of an agriculture–nutrition intervention on the diet of Ghanaian rural children, unadjusted and adjusted for covariatesa
| Minimal diet diversitya , b | Egg consumption in last 24 hr | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2c | |||
| Group assignment | ||||||
| Control (reference) | ||||||
| Intervention | 1.78 (0.70) | 1.65 (0.41)* | 1.57 (0.43)† | 1.35 (0.33) | ||
| Baseline value of outcome | 2.25 (0.66)** | |||||
| Second phase of enrolment | 0.21 (0.03)*** | |||||
| Maternal education | ||||||
| None (reference) | ||||||
| Primary | 1.53 (0.63) | |||||
| Secondary or above | 2.68 (0.99)** | |||||
| Marriage status | ||||||
| Married (reference) | ||||||
| Not married/cohabitation | 0.31 (0.09)*** | |||||
| Wealthd | ||||||
| Low (reference) | ||||||
| Middle | 1.02 (0.28) | |||||
| High | 1.53 (0.39) | |||||
| Constant | 2.28 (0.64)** | 3.09 (0.09)** | 0.29 (0.06)*** | 0.26 (0.04)*** | ||
| Pseudo R 2 | 0.01 | 0.13 | 0.008 | 0.03 | ||
| Sample n | 425 | 354 | 425 | 327 | ||
Note. Values are odds ratios (standard errors).
This is an intention‐to‐treat analysis with logistic regression models with standard errors adjusted, accounting for clustering. For Model 2, models initially included phase of enrolment and covariates for child (baseline age, sex, baseline value of the outcome, and time elapsed between measurements), mother (education, marital status, and ethnicity), and household (food security, wealth, and raised poultry prior to project). Backward elimination stepwise covariate selection procedure was used; the models retained covariates with a P value of <0.10 for the overall significance for the variable (not individual categories). No interaction terms with intervention were significant.
Minimal diet diversity: includes only children ≥6 months (n = 377); ≥4 of the following food groups: grains, roots, and tubers; legumes and nuts; dairy products; flesh foods; eggs; vitamin A‐rich fruits and vegetables; and other fruits and vegetables (WHO, 2008).
Includes only children who were at least 6 months of age at baseline as the baseline value was retained in the model.
Wealth: tertiles for the first component of a principal components analysis using 13 household assets: floor material, wall material, cooking fuel, electricity, and ownership of a telephone, radio, television, video player, DVD/CD player, refrigerator, sewing machine, motorcycle, and car.
P < 0.10.
P < 0.05.
P < 0.01.
P < 0.001.