Table 2.
Brain activation and corresponding heritability of the audiovisual integration task and the control task
| Region (L/R) | VS (Z) | Peak coord. | Optimal model | p a | p b | h 2 (95%CI) | c 2 (95%CI) | e 2 (95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | ||||||||
| Transverse temporal gyrus (R) | 930 (15.51) | [66,−19,7] | AE | 0.015* | 0.05* | 0.41 (0.09,0.65) | \ | 0.59 (0.35,0.91) |
| Superior temporal gyrus (R) | 930 (12.58)a | [57,−34,13] | AE | 0.112 | 1 | 0.27 (0,0.56) | \ | 0.73 (0.44,1) |
| Inferior frontal gyrus (R) | 930 (12.28)a | [57,14,13] | AE | 0.087 | 0.87 | 0.27 (0,0.54) | \ | 0.73 (0.46,1) |
| Medial frontal gyrus (L) | 396 (15.87) | [0,5,55] | AE | <0.001** | <0.001** | 0.51 (0.36,0.7) | \ | 0.49 (0.3,0.64) |
| Cerebellar declive (L) | 3921 (22.51) | [−39,−76,−14] | AE | 0.133 | 1 | 0.29 (0,0.59) | \ | 0.71 (0.41,1) |
| Fusiform gyrus (R) | 3921 (21.95)a | [36,−76,−11] | AE | 0.001** | 0.01* | 0.57 (0.26,0.76) | \ | 0.43 (0.24,0.74) |
| Lingual gyrus (L) | 3921 (21.45)a | [−9,−82,−5] | AE | <0.001** | <0.001** | 0.68 (0.45,0.82) | \ | 0.32 (0.18,0.55) |
| Inferior parietal lobule (L) | 2147 (18.56) | [−48,−31,46] | AE | 0.004** | 0.04* | 0.49 (0.36,0.71) | \ | 0.51 (0.29,0.64) |
| Superior parietal lobule (R) | 944 (18.53) | [30,−58,46] | CE | 0.035* | 0.35 | \ | 0.28 (0.02,0.51) | 0.72 (0.49,0.98) |
| Inferior parietal lobule (R) | 944 (15.39)a | [51,−31,52] | CE | 0.014* | 0.14 | \ | 0.33 (0.07,0.54) | 0.67 (0.46,0.93) |
| Precuneus (L) | 2147 (15.92) | [−27,−61,46] | E | \ | \ | \ | \ | 1 (1,1) |
| AVI | ||||||||
| Cerebellar declive (L) | 7966 (27.42) | [−12,−82,−14] | AE | 0.08 | 0.8 | 0.31 (0,0.58) | \ | 0.69 (0.42,1) |
| Precentral gyrus (R) | 3672 (23.32) | [45,8,31] | AE | <0.001** | <0.001** | 0.62 (0.36,0.78) | \ | 0.38 (0.22,0.64) |
| Claustrum (R) | 3672 (21.8)a | [33,23,4] | AE | 0.016* | 0.16 | 0.45 (0.21,0.69) | \ | 0.55 (0.31,0.79) |
| Thalamus (ventral lateral nucleus) (L) | 317 (12.5) | [−15,−7,4] | AE | 0.008** | 0.08 | 0.5 (0.14,0.73) | \ | 0.5 (0.27,0.86) |
| Thalamus (L) | 317 (12.41)a | [−12,−16,7] | AE | 0.041* | 0.41 | 0.42 (0.02,0.69) | \ | 0.58 (0.31,0.98) |
| Thalamus (medial dorsal nucleus) (R) | 286 (12.42) | [12,−16,7] | AE | 0.012* | 0.12 | 0.5 (0.12,0.74) | \ | 0.5 (0.26,0.8) |
| Thalamus (ventral lateral nucleus) (R) | 286 (12.41)a | [15,−7,10] | AE | <0.001** | <0.001** | 0.58 (0.28,0.76) | \ | 0.42 (0.24,0.72) |
| Precuneus (R) | 7966 (25.71)a | [24,−64,49] | CE | <0.001** | <0.001** | \ | 0.51 (0.28,0.68) | 0.49 (0.32,0.72) |
| Caudate body (L) | 317 (14.13) | [−18,−4,16] | CE | 0.002313 | 0.002313 | \ | 0.4 (0.15,0.6) | 0.6 (0.4,0.85) |
| Caudate body (R) | 286 (12.33)a | [18,−4,19] | CE | 0.004149 | 0.004149 | \ | 0.38 (0.13,0.58) | 0.62 (0.42,0.87) |
| Fusiform gyrus (L) | 7966 (26.01) | [−33,−79,−11] | E | \ | \ | \ | \ | 1 (1,1) |
| Superior temporal gyrus (R) | 402 (17.83) | [63,−22,7] | E | \ | \ | \ | \ | 1 (1,1) |
| Precentral gyrus (L) | 3672 (22.58)a | [−48,5,31] | E | \ | \ | \ | \ | 1 (1,1) |
| AVI vs CON | ||||||||
| Precentral gyrus (L) | 3204 (17.31) | [−48,−1,49] | AE | 0.015* | 0.105 | 0.44 (0.09,0.68) | \ | 0.56 (0.32,0.91) |
| Subgyral (R) | 3204 (17.04)a | [30,2,58] | AE | <0.001** | <0.001** | 0.65 (0.4,0.8) | \ | 0.35 (0.2,0.6) |
| Precuneus (R) | 7162 (21.23) | [24,−64,46] | CE | 0.056988 | 0.056988 | \ | 0.26 (0,0.49) | 0.74 (0.51,1) |
| Superior parietal lobule (L) | 7162 (20.72)a | [−21,−61,52] | CE | 0.017204 | 0.017204 | \ | 0.32 (0.06,0.54) | 0.68 (0.46,0.94) |
| Precuneus (L) | 7162 (20.2) | [−24,−64,43] | CE | 0.004674 | 0.004674 | \ | 0.37 (0.25,0.58) | 0.63 (0.42,0.73) |
| Precentral gyrus (R) | 3204 (16.62) | [48,11,31] | CE | 0.021082 | 0.021082 | \ | 0.31 (0.05,0.53) | 0.69 (0.47,0.95) |
| Thalamus (ventral anterior nucleus) (L) | 1030 (10.12)b | [−15,−1,10] | CE | 0.152794 | 0.152794 | \ | 0.19 (0,0.44) | 0.81 (0.56,1) |
| Thalamus (ventral lateral nucleus) (L) | 1030 (10.8) | [−12,−13,10] | E | \ | \ | \ | \ | 1 (1,1) |
| Thalamus (anterior nucleus) (R) | 1030 (10.64)a | [12,−10,13] | E | \ | \ | \ | \ | 1 (1,1) |
Note. Abbreviations: AVI = audiovisual integration; c 2 = common environment effect; CI = confidence interval; CON = control condition; a, part of cluster above; b, part of cluster below; Coord. = Coordinate; e 2 = random environment effect; h2 = heritability/additive genetic effect; L = Left; R = Right; VS(T) = voxel size (T value).
a
Uncorrected p.
b
Bonferroni adjusted‐p.
**p < .01, the p value listed here indicated the deterioration after abandoning the factor A. Statistical threshold of whole brain activation was set as p < .0001 with familiar‐wise‐error (FWE) correction at voxel level, cluster size > 100.