Table 2.
Average hemodynamic changes during the language task
| Participant (sex, age, profession) | L1 (F, 26, student) | L2 (M, 22, musician) | L3 (F, 18, student) | L4 (F, 30, student) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Screen distance (cm) | Prot./ISS | 150 | 142 | 147 | 147 |
| Hair description | Prot./ISS | Straight, black, long | Straight, black, medium | Straight, brown, long | Straight, black, long |
| Installation time (min) | Prot./ISS | 55/86 | 49/92 | 53/87 | 50/85 |
| Comfort scale | Prot./ISS | 5/2 | 9/2 | 8/4 | 8/4 |
| Naming task | |||||
| L – ΔHbO2/ΔHb (µmol) | Prot. |
0.75 ± 0.08 −0.42 ± 0.04 |
2.28 ± 0.24 −0.48 ± 0.09 |
1.53 ± 0.12 −0.05 ± 0.07 |
1.54 ± 0.15 −0.55 ± 0.07 |
| ISS |
1.67 ± 0.15 0.26 ± 0.03 |
3.57 ± 0.35 0.33 ± 0.23 |
2.40 ± 0.25 −1.04 ± 0.16 |
3.06 ± 0.28 −0.85 ± 0.19 |
|
| R – ΔHbO2/ΔHb (µmol) | Prot. |
0.32 ± 0.05 −0.34 ± 0.03 |
0.91 ± 0.05 −0.01 ± 0.05 |
0.63 ± 0.03 −0.23 ± 0.05 |
0.89 ± 0.08 −0.55 ± 0.06 |
| ISS |
1.08 ± 0.12 0.05 ± 0.02 |
2.20 ± 0.18 0.09 ± 0.16 |
1.51 ± 0.13 −0.68 ± 0.09 |
2.17 ± 0.10 −0.61 ± 0.09 |
|
| # Words | Prot./ISS | 16/20 | 13/16 | 20/23 | 16/21 |
| # Rejected trials | Prot./ISS | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/2 | 3/3 |
| Correlation coefficient |
L HbO2 R HbO2 |
r = 0.93 (p < 0.001) r = 0.76 (p < 0.001) |
r = 0.98 (p < 0.001) r = 0.73 (p < 0.001) |
r = 0.99 (p < 0.001) r = 0.92 (p < 0.001) |
r = 0.11 (p < 0.001) r = 0.70 (p < 0.001) |
| Differences (µmol): mean ± SD |
L HbO2 R HbO2 |
0.59 ± 0.13 (0.02–1.15) 0.56 ± 0.16 (−0.13–1.25) |
1.05 ± 0.31 (0.04–2.01) 0.82 ± 0.14 (−0.39–2.03) |
0.46 ± 0.22 (−0.27–1.19) 0.57 ± 0.22 (−0.15–1.30) |
1.14 ± 0.19 (−0.81–3.10) 0.80 ± 0.13 (−0.53–2.13) |
| HbO2 LI (dominance) | Prot./ISS | 0.39 (L)/0.21 (L) | 0.43 (L)/0.24 (L) | 0.41 (L)/0.23 (L) | 0.27 (L)/0.17 (L) |
| Passive listening task | |||||
| L – ΔHbO2/ΔHb (µmol) | Prot. |
1.28 ± 0.10 −0.62 ± 0.05 |
0.01 ± 0.02 −0.18 ± 0.06 |
0.50 ± 0.04 −0.28 ± 0.03 |
0.76 ± 0.07 −0.47 ± 0.05 |
| ISS |
0.83 ± 0.06 −0.25 ± 0.04 |
0.85 ± 0.06 −0.21 ± 0.04 |
0.46 ± 0.04 −0.33 ± 0.02 |
1.23 ± 0.10 −0.45 ± 0.07 |
|
| R – ΔHbO2/ΔHb (µmol) | Prot. |
0.59 ± 0.05 −0.47 ± 0.04 |
0.72 ± 0.02 −0.45 ± 0.04 |
0.28 ± 0.03 0.04 ± 0.01 |
0.37 ± 0.05 −0.32 ± 0.05 |
| ISS |
0.55 ± 0.02 −0.25 ± 0.02 |
1.72 ± 0.02 −0.69 ± 0.06 |
0.26 ± 0.03 −0.15 ± 0.02 |
0.71 ± 0.04 −0.36 ± 0.04 |
|
| # Rejected trials | Prot./ISS | 4/4 | 5/5 | 4/4 | 5/5 |
| Correlation coefficient |
L HbO2 R HbO2 |
r = 0.80 (p < 0.001) r = 0.66 (p < 0.001) |
r = 0.17 (p < 0.001) r = 0.94 (p < 0.001) |
r = 0.80 (p < 0.001) r = 0.02 (p < 0.001) |
r = 0.88 (p < 0.001) r = 0.96 (p < 0.001) |
| Differences (µmol): mean ± SD |
L HbO2 R HbO2 |
−0.22 ± 0.17 (−0.76–0.31) −0.05 ± 0.04 (−0.54–0.43) |
0.31 ± 0.17 (−0.23–0.85) 0.60 ± 0.22 (−0.12–1.33) |
0.46 ± 0.22 (−0.27–1.19) 0.57 ± 0.22 (−0.14–1.30) |
0.21 ± 0.14 (−0.25–0.66) 0.17 ± 0.05 (−0.01–0.34) |
| HbO2 LI (dominance) | Prot./ISS | 0.37 (L)/0.20 (L) | −0.98 (R)/−0.34 (R) | 0.28 (L)/0.28 (L) | 0.35 (L)/0.26 (L) |
M: male; F: female; HbO2: oxy‐hemoglobin; Hb: deoxy‐hemoglobin; L: left; R: right; Prot.: prototype; ISS: commercial fNIRS system.