Table 2.
Nodal network properties exhibiting significant alterations in patients with PTSD versus control participants
| Nodal degree | Nodal efficiency | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brain regions | Non‐PTSD (mean ± SE) | PTSD (mean ± SE) | p value | Non‐PTSD (mean ± SE) | PTSD (mean ± SE) | p value |
| Middle frontal gyrus L | 3.0523 ± 0.0463 | 3.1757 ± 0.0315 | .0014 | 0.0628 ± 0.0003 | 0.0644 ± 0.0002 | .0025 |
| Middle frontal gyrus R | 3.4181 ± 0.0442 | 3.6725 ± 0.0356 | .0002 | 0.0657 ± 0.0002 | 0.0668 ± 0.0002 | .0004 |
| Inferior orbital frontal gyrus R | 2.2750 ± 0.0466 | 2.0982 ± 0.0400 | .0014 | 0.0564 ± 0.0005 | 0.0549 ± 0.0003 | .0026 |
| Medial superior frontal gyrus R | 0.2920 ± 0.0645 | 0.1138 ± 0.0082 | .0002 | 0.0294 ± 0.0013 | 0.0193 ± 0.0010 | .0002 |
| Middle cingulum cortex L | 0.1172 ± 0.0153 | 0.2437 ± 0.0330 | .0002 | 0.0194 ± 0.0016 | 0.0264 ± 0.0017 | .0018 |
| ParaHippocampus L | 3.2193 ± 0.0995 | 2.7384 ± 0.0874 | .0002 | 0.0658 ± 0.0005 | 0.0631 ± 0.0004 | .0002 |
| Superior occipital gyrus L | 0.5403 ± 0.0395 | 0.4311 ± 0.0246 | .0094 | 0.0486 ± 0.0005 | 0.0455 ± 0.0007 | .0006 |
| Superior occipital gyrus R | 0.4393 ± 0.0276 | 0.8359 ± 0.0403 | .0002 | 0.0451 ± 0.0007 | 0.0499 ± 0.0004 | .0002 |
| Inferior occipital gyrus L | 0.9270 ± 0.0825 | 0.6048 ± 0.0548 | .0004 | 0.0524 ± 0.0006 | 0.0498 ± 0.0005 | .0004 |
| Inferior occipital gyrus R | 0.8888 ± 0.0479 | 1.3068 ± 0.0560 | .0002 | 0.0507 ± 0.0004 | 0.0532 ± 0.0004 | .0002 |
| Superior parietal gyrus L | 2.3177 ± 0.0452 | 2.4886 ± 0.0509 | .0056 | 0.0611 ± 0.0003 | 0.0624 ± 0.0003 | .0018 |
| Angular gyrus R | 2.9672 ± 0.0687 | 3.2364 ± 0.0735 | .0040 | 0.0639 ± 0.0004 | 0.0653 ± 0.0004 | .0082 |
| Precuneus R | 1.5879 ± 0.0522 | 1.8706 ± 0.0613 | .0006 | 0.0568 ± 0.0004 | 0.0581 ± 0.0004 | .0058 |
| Caudate nucleus L | 5.3673 ± 0.0628 | 5.1354 ± 0.0552 | .0042 | 0.0764 ± 0.0004 | 0.0748 ± 0.0004 | .0036 |
| Caudate nucleus R | 4.8419 ± 0.0580 | 4.4666 ± 0.0665 | .0004 | 0.0726 ± 0.0005 | 0.0704 ± 0.0005 | .0008 |
| Superior temporal pole R | 1.0870 ± 0.0444 | 1.3304 ± 0.0452 | .0002 | 0.0520 ± 0.0004 | 0.0539 ± 0.0004 | .0002 |
| Middle temporal gyrus R | 2.7298 ± 0.0518 | 2.4163 ± 0.0521 | .0002 | 0.0619 ± 0.0003 | 0.0604 ± 0.0003 | .0004 |
Both nodal degree and nodal efficiency of the regions above were significantly changed in PTSD group.
The Benjamini–Hochberg false discovery rate correction was applied to correct for multiple group comparisons of brain regions.
The p value thresholds for nodal degree and nodal efficiency were .0134 and .0118, respectively. All p values were obtained by using a permutation test.
All the brain regions are from automated anatomical labeling (AAL).
R = right; L = left.