Table 1.

Sociodemographic characteristics [n (%) or median (P25–P75)] of live-born singletons from the initial CHAMACOS mother–child cohort ($n=527$) and study participants with prenatal urinary phthalate metabolites who completed at least one of the neurobehavioral assessments at ages 7 ($n=322$).^a

Characteristic	Live-born singletons $n$ (%) or Median (P25–P75)	Children with prenatal phthalates and at least one assessment at 7-y visit $N$ (%) or Median (P25–P75)
Maternal/household characteristics
Age at enrollment (y)	25 (22–29)	25.5 (22–29)
Education
$\le 6\text{th}$ grade	228 (43.3)	142 (44.1)
7th–12th grade	192 (36.4)	110 (34.2)
Completed high school	107 (20.3)	70 (21.7)
Receptive vocabulary (PPVT score) at 9-y visit		98 (80–108)
Missing ($n$)b	—	23
Country of birth
Mexico	444 (84.3)	277 (86.0)
Other	83 (15.8)	45 (14.0)
Years in U.S.
$\le 5$	270 (51.2)	151 (46.9)
6–10	115 (21.8)	84 (26.1)
$\ge 11$	142 (27.0)	88 (27.0)
Parity
0	180 (34.2)	102 (31.7)
$\ge 1$	347 (65.8)	220 (68.3)
Smoking during pregnancy
No	496 (94.1)	309 (96.0)
Yes	31 (5.9)	13 (4.0)
Maternal depression at 9-year visit ($\ge 16$ CES-D score)
No	225 (42.7)	233 (72.4)
Yes	78 (14.8)	81 (25.1)
Missing ($n$)b	224 (42.5)	8 (2.5)
Household income at 10.5-year visit
At or below poverty level	242 (45.9)	225 (69.9)
Above poverty level	95 (18.0)	97 (30.1)
Missing ($n$)b	190 (36.1)	0 (0.0)
Child characteristics
Child’s sex
Boy	263 (49.9)	153 (47.5)
Girl	264 (50.1)	169 (52.5)
Birth weight (grams)	3,440 (3,155–3,780)	3,437.5 (3,170–3,785)
Gestational age at delivery (wk)	39 (38–40)	39 (38–40)
Breastfeeding duration (months)
$\le 6$	311 (59.0)	163 (50.6)
$>6$	205 (38.9)	159 (49.4)
Missing	11 (2.1)	0 (0.0)
Age at assessment (y)
7-y assessment	—	7.0 (7.0, 7.1)
Language of assessment		—
English	—	106 (33.8)
Spanish	—	208 (66.2)
HOME Score Assessment		0.1 ($-0.6–0.8$)
Missing ($n$)b	—	—

Note: —, no data; CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; $n$, number of study participants; PPVT, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test.

^aAt age 7, a total of 322 mothers and 314 youth completed at least one neurodevelopmental assessment.

^bMissing data for children followed-up were imputed with values collected on these variables at earlier or later time points for all analyses.