Table 2.
Cox proportional hazards for dementia at follow‐up, derived from baseline hippocampal volume, GM volume, and DTI‐based metrics
| Baseline neuroimaging characteristics (n = 499) | HR + 95% CI | Significance | HR + 95% CI | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted age, sex, education, baseline MMSE and territorial infarcts | Additionally adjusted for normalized WM volume | |||
| GM volume (mL; SD) | 0.75 (0.52–1.10) | P = 0.138 | 0.73 (0.49–1.07) | P = 0.102 |
| Hippocampal volume (ml; SD)a | 0.68 (0.49–0.96) | P = 0.028 | 0.69 (0.49–0.97) | P = 0.032 |
| Baseline DTI‐parametersb (n = 496) | Adjusted for age, sex, education baseline MMSE and territorial infarcts | Additionally adjusted for normalized HV and WM volume | ||
| Hippocampus, mean FA (SD) | 0.70 (0.49–0.99) | P = 0.044 | 0.72 (0.51–1.02) | P = 0.067 |
| Left hippocampus, mean FA (SD) | 0.78 (0.56–1.10) | P = 0.158 | 0.78 (0.55–1.11) | P = 0.163 |
| Right hippocampus, mean FA (SD) | 0.68 (0.48–0.96) | P = 0.029 | 0.73 (0.52–1.02) | P = 0.064 |
| Hippocampus, mean MD (SD) | 1.54 (1.20–1.99) | P = 0.001 | 1.44 (1.10–1.88) | P = 0.007 |
| Left hippocampus, mean MD (SD) | 1.60 (1.23–2.09) | P = 0.001 | 1.44 (1.10–1.90) | P = 0.009 |
| Right hippocampus, mean MD (SD) | 1.29 (1.02–1.64) | P = 0.034 | 1.26 (0.99–1.62) | P = 0.066 |
One was additionally excluded because of the diagnosis Frontotemporal Dementia.
a
Four participants were excluded because of missing values of hippocampal volume.
b
Three participants were additionally excluded for the DTI analysis because of baseline DTI‐scan artefacts.
SD: HR per standard deviation difference from the mean. Brain volumes, represent normalized brain volumes; normalized to the total ICV. WM: white matter; GM: gray matter; HV: hippocampus volume; FA: Fractional Anisotropy; MD: Mean Diffusivity (10−3 mm2/s).