Jones 2009.

Methods	Study design: randomized controlled trial (2 arms) Study duration: not reported Study setting: hospital, single centre, Australia
Participants	Adults undergoing elective craniotomy (n = 82) Inclusion criteria Adults undergoing elective craniotomy Exclusion criteria Confusion Contraindications to NSAIDS Chronic pain Regular opioid usage Mean age, range (years) 47 (18 to 75) Numbers allocated to each arm Group intervention (n = 41) Group control (n = 39) Male gender Group intervention: 24/41 Group control : 17/39
Interventions	Technique and timing Parecoxib versus saline, given intravenously at dural closure Dosage 40 mg
Outcomes	Primary Morphine consumption in the postoperative recovery unit Secondary Morphine consumption in the first 24 hours postoperatively Pain as measured by the visual analogue score (measured at 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours) Sedation score Patient satisfaction Adverse events ‐ nausea and vomiting
Notes	Funding Vincents research grant
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Computer‐generated permuted block
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	High risk	Not reported
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Study drugs were prepared by a third party and labelled ‘study drug’.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Assessors were blinded to treatment received.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	2 participants were excluded as surgery was cancelled. An intention‐to‐treat analysis was not performed and the groups to which these participants were initially assigned was not reported.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Outcomes were reported as specified.
Other bias	Unclear risk	Small study