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. 2019 Nov 14;10:2650. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02650

Figure 10.

Figure 10

IVX-mediated PGC-1α activation inhibited M1 microglial polarization and promoted M2 microglial polarization in the cerebral cortices of LPS-injected mice. After the open field test, the cerebral cortices of mice were harvested. In LPS-injected mice, to investigate the effect of IVX-mediated PGC-1α activation on microglial polarization, the mRNA and protein expression of M1 microglial markers (TNF-α and iNOS) and M2 microglial markers (Arg-1 and CD206) were tested via RT-PCR and western blotting. (A,B) The mRNA expression of M1 microglial markers (TNF-α and iNOS) were measured via RT-PCR. (C,D) The mRNA expression of M2 microglial markers (Arg-1 and CD206) was measured via RT-PCR. (F–H) The protein expression of M1 microglial markers (TNF-α and iNOS) were measured via western blotting. (I,J) The protein expression of M2 microglial markers (Arg-1 and CD206) was measured via western blotting. (E,K) The gene and protein expression of IL-10 was measured via RT-PCR and western blotting. The experiments were conducted in triplicate and repeated at least three times. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 4–5 in each group). #p < 0.05 and ##p < 0.01, vs. control group; **p< 0.01 vs. LPS group; $p < 0.05 and $$p < 0.01 vs. IVX + LPS group; ap < 0.05 and aap < 0.01, vs. control group; bp < 0.05 and bbp < 0.05 vs. IVX group.