. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: Addiction. 2019 Aug 16;114(12):2229–2240. doi: 10.1111/add.14750

Table 3.

Standardized components of variance (and 95% confidence intervals) attributable to additive genetic (A), shared environmental (C), and non-share or random environmental (E) risks based on the best fitting univariate models for substance use and misuse including.

	A	C	E
1. Cannabis use	0.77 _{(0.68–0.85)}	-	0.23 _{(0.15–0.32)}
2. Nicotine use	0.70 _{(0.60–0.79)}	-	0.30 _{(0.21–0.40)}
3. Opioid use	0.49 _{(−0.52–0.99)}	−0.20 _{(−0.79– 0.57)}	0.71 _{(0.40–0.99)}
4. AUD	0.49 _{(0.38–0.60)}	-	0.51 _{(0.40–0.62)}
5. FTND	0.72 _{(0.60–0.81)}	-	0.28 _{(0.19–0.40)}
6. CUD	0.65 _{(0.47–0.80)}	-	0.34 _{(0.20–0.53)}
7. NMUA	0.46 _{(0.29–0.57)}	-	0.54 _{(0.43–0.71)}

Notes: A = additive genetic, C = common environmental risks, E = non-shared environment risk factors, AUD=DSM-V Alcohol Use Disorder, FTND = Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, CUD = DSM-V Cannabis Use Disorder, NMUA = lifetime non-medical use of over-the-counter or prescription analgesics (NMUA). Substance use disorders based on the period when subjects reported using the most. All non-users coded as missing.