Table 1.

Demographic characteristics and ROI‐based FA findings of the short‐ and long‐term transfer analyses of the entire group

	Short‐term transfer analyses		P a	Long‐term transfer analyses		P a
	Transferring subjects	Nontransferring subjects		Transferring subjects	Nontransferring subjects
N	29	12		9	32
Age	69.31 ± 7.61	71.42 ± 8.74	n.s.	66.89 ± 6.90	70.78 ± 8.06	n.s.
Gender
Male	45%	33%		33%	44%
Female	55%	66%	n.s.	67%	56%	n.s.
Education years	12.34 ± 3.34	12.33 ± 3.17	n.s.	12.56 ± 3.50	12.28 ± 3.24	n.s.
HAWIE‐R	140 ± 16	135 ± 14	n.s.	135 ± 14	139 ± 16	n.s.
WML volume (ml)	1.9 ± 3.7	0.8 ± 1.8	n.s.	0.8 ± 1.2	1.7 ± 3.6	n.s.
FA ROI corpus and genu CC	0.50 ± 0.04	0.50 ± 0.03	n.s.	0.52 ± 0.04	0.50 ± 0.03	0.038

HAWIE‐R: Hamburger–Wechsler intelligence scale; WML: White matter lesion; FA: fractional anisotropy; ROI: region‐of‐interest; CC: corpus callosum.

Short‐term transfer analyses: investigation of transfer measured immediately after training; transferring subjects: participants showing short‐term performance improvements (Pretest to Posttest) in the training and transfer task; nontransferring subjects: participants showing short‐term performance improvements (Pretest to Posttest) in the training but not the transfer task. Long‐term transfer analyses: investigation of maintenance of transfer; transferring subjects: participants showing short‐term performance improvements in the training and transfer task and maintenance of transfer task improvements (Posttest to Follow‐Up); nontransferring subjects: participants showing short‐term performance improvements in the training task (Pretest to Follow‐Up) but no short‐term improvements and maintenance of performance in the transfer task (Posttest to Follow‐Up).

^aGroup comparisons: Mann–Whitney U‐tests were used for continuous data; chi‐square tests were used for categorical data (two‐tailed p values).