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. 2011 Nov 18;34(2):467–486. doi: 10.1002/hbm.21450

Table III.

Main and simple effects of factorial design during occluded action prediction, from posttraining scan session

Region BA MNI coordinates Putative functional name t‐Value Cluster size P corrected value
x y z
Gymnasts > Toys
R middle temporal gyrus 19 48 −64 4 EBA 12.2 856 <0.001
  R sup. temporal gyrus 22 66 −37 22 STS 6.6 <0.001
  R middle temporal gyrus 19 45 −73 22 MTG 6.0 <0.001
L occipitotemporal cortex 37/39 −45 −70 10 EBA 8.4 545 <0.001
  L inf. occipital gyrus 19 −51 −79 7 IOG 7.9 <0.001
  L temporoparietal junct 40 −54 −40 25 TPJ 4.9 <0.001
L mid. occipital gyrus 18 −21 −94 −11 MOG 6.3 165 0.009
R medial parietal cortex 19 21 −58 −8 5.2 18 0.064
R lingual gyrus 18 21 −85 −8 5.2 80
R fusiform gyrus 37 45 −43 −20 4.7 16 0.380
R inferior frontal gyrus (pars triangularis) 44 39 20 28 IFG/PMv 4.3 19 0.343
 R inferior frontal gyrus 6/44 33 11 23 IFG 3.6 0.343
R precentral gyrus 6 39 2 34 premotor 4.2 20 0.380
L intraparietal sulcus 7 −9 −55 61 IPS 4.1 43 0.301
Toys > Gymnasts
L middle frontal gyrus 10 −15 44 13 MFG 4.9 27 0.482
L superior occipital gyrus 17 −9 −103 10 4.9 59 0.199
 L cuneus 18 −6 −91 25 4.1 0.199
R anterior hippocampus 36 27 −10 −14 4.8 14 0.684
L rolandic operculum 22 −51 −4 10 STS 4.7 22 0.553
 L sup. temporal gyrus 42 −54 −13 10 STG 4.5 0.553
R inferior frontal gyrus 44 57 5 13 premotor 4.6 26 0.495
R anterior cingulate cortex 24 9 44 13 4.4 10 0.758
L insula 13 −42 8 1 4.3 20 0.584
 L middle insula 13 −39 −1 10 3.8 0.584
R supramarginal gyrus 2 60 −13 28 S1 4.2 11 0.739
Trained > Untrained
No superthreshold regions emerged from this analysis
Untrained > Trained
L inferior temporal gyrus 37 −45 −64 −8 LOC 6.8 396 <0.001
  L middle temporal gyrus 39 −42 −67 13 MT+ 5.1 <0.001
  L fusiform gyrus 37 −45 −58 −20 5.0 <0.001
R sup. temporal gyrus 39/22 54 −52 7 STS 6.7 707 <0.001
  R fusiform gyrus 37 42 −55 −11 6.2 <0.001
  R middle temporal gyrus 37 57 −67 −2 ITG 5.9 <0.001
L middle frontal gyrus 6 −39 8 55 5.2 39 0.350
 L precentral gyrus 4 −42 −1 55 4.1 0.350
L superior frontal gyrus 6 −21 5 67 SMA 4.6 21 0.580
L middle occipital gyrus 19 −36 −88 22 4.4 27 0.491
 L middle occipital gyrus 19 −27 −76 28 4.0 0.491
R precentral gyrus 44 57 11 34 PMv 4.3 51 0.249
L precentral gyrus 44 −45 5 19 PMv 4.1 49 0.264
 L precentral gyrus 6 −54 2 25 3.9 0.264
L inferior parietal lobule 40 −36 −34 37 IPL 4.0 78 0.119
 L inferior parietal lobule 2 −45 −40 46 S1 4.0 0.119
 L postcentral gyrus 2 −33 −37 46 S1 3.9 0.119
Untrained > Trained Gymnasts
R middle temporal gyrus 39 60 −64 −2 EBA 7.1 759 <0.001
  R inferior parietal lobule 40 60 −58 19 IPL 6.7 <0.001
  R middle temporal gyrus 39 45 −55 13 MTG 6.4 <0.001
R precuneus 5/7 9 −49 49 SPL 5.3 102 0.03
  R postcentral gyrus 2 27 −49 55 SPL 5.2 0.03
  R intraparietal suclus 2 33 −40 52 IPL 4.0 0.03
L middle temporal gyrus 19/39 −51 −70 13 EBA 4.9 65 0.06
 L middle occipital gyrus 19 −48 −70 −2 LOC 3.9 0.06
L inferior parietal lobule 7/40 −36 −46 64 IPL 4.9 23 0.302
L middle frontal gyrus 6 −33 11 49 PMd 4.9 18 0.374
L inferior frontal gyrus 47 −48 20 −11 vlPFC 4.7 33 0.273
 L inferior frontal gyrus 47 −42 26 −8 IFG 4.2 0.273
 L inferior frontal gyrus 45 −54 20 1 IFG 3.7 0.273
R superior temporal suclus 22 39 −22 −5 pSTS 4.7 22 0.302
L inferior frontal gyrus 6 −54 −1 37 PMv 4.7 44 0.204
R inferior parietal lobule 40/42 54 −34 25 IPL 4.5 25 0.302
R inferior frontal gyrus 6/44 54 11 37 PMv 4.5 58 0.122
 R inferior frontal gyrus 44 57 23 7 IFG 4.2 0.122
 R inferior frontal gyrus 45 51 20 16 IFG 3.7 0.122
R anterior insular cortex 13 39 −4 −14 4.4 24 0.302
R sup. temporal gyrus 22 66 −31 7 pSTS 4.3 11 0.541
L fusiform gyrus 37 −42 −40 −17 4.3 39 0.226
 L fusiform gyrus 37 −42 −55 −20 4.2 0.226
L precentral sulcus 6 −21 2 64 SMA 4.3 25 0.302
L intraparietal sulcus 5/7 −33 −37 49 IPS 4.3 31 0.273
R middle occipital gyrus 39/19 36 −67 31 4.1 14 0.476
 R superior occipital gyrus 19 36 −76 31 3.8
L precentral gyrus 6 −42 −4 52 PMd 4.1 11 0.541
Untrained > Trained Toys
L inferior temporal gyrus 37 −42 −61 −8 LOC 5.5 135 0.015
R inferior occipital gyrus 37 42 −46 −23 LOC 4.7 44 0.264
 R fusiform gyrus 37 33 −40 −23 4.3 0.264
 R inferior temporal gyrus 37 48 −58 −14 LOC 4.0 0.264
L inferior frontal gyrus 6 −48 5 19 PMv 4.0 17 0.665

MNI coordinates of peaks of relative activation within regions responding to the main effects of agent, collapsed across training experience [predicting gymnasts compared to toys (a) and toys compared to gymnasts (b)], the main effects of training, collapsed across agent [predicting trained compared to untrained gymnasts and toys (c), predicting untrained compared to trained gymnasts and toys (d)], and the simple effects of predicting untrained relative to trained gymnasts (e) and toys (f). Results were calculated at P uncorrected < 0.001, k = 10 voxels. Up to three local maxima are listed when a cluster has multiple peaks more than 8 mm apart. Entries in bold denote activations significant at the FDR cluster‐corrected level of P < 0.05. Only regions that reached cluster‐corrected significance are illustrated in the figures. Abbreviations for brain regions: EBA, extrastriate body area; STS, superior temporal sulcus; MTG, middle temporal gyrus; IOG, inferior occipital gyrus; TPJ, temporoparietal junction; IPS, intraparietal sulcus; IFG, inferior frontal gyrus; PMv, ventral premotor cortex; MFG, middle frontal gyrus; STG, superior temporal gyrus; M1, primary motor cortex; LOC, lateral occipital cortex; MT+, visual area MT; ITG, inferior temporal gyrus; SMA, supplemental motor area; IPL, inferior parietal lobule; PMd, dorsal premotor cortex; vlPFC, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex; pSTS, posterior superior temporal sulcus; S1, primary somatosensory cortex.