Table I.

Percentage signal changes between spectra without RETROICOR denoising, (raw) with RETROICOR denoising using recorded physiological monitoring values (RETROICOR with recorded values) and with RETROICOR denoising using predicted physiological monitoring values (RETROICOR with predicted values)

	Within‐subject training		Between‐subject training
	Cardiac	Respiratory	Cardiac	Respiratory
Raw data versus RETROICOR with recorded values	12 ± 11%	18 ± 15%	11 ± 10%	17 ± 14%
Raw data versus RETROICOR with predicted values	12 ± 11%	17 ± 15%	9 ± 9%	10 ± 8%
RETROICOR with predicted values versus RETROICOR with recorded values	1 ± 1%	4 ± 3%	4 ± 3%	11 ± 10%

In each case, percentage signal change is calculated from the dataset in Figure 4, and is averaged over all frequencies in the range approximately associated with the respective physiological cycles for that dataset. These are 0.15–0.25 Hz for the cardiac cycle and 0.35–0.4 Hz for the respiratory cycle.