Skip to main content
. 2011 Apr 11;32(5):771–783. doi: 10.1002/hbm.21060

Table II.

Activations for verbal (vs. nonrehearsal) and tonal (vs. nonrehearsal) in musicians (and comparison musicians > nonmusicians)

Verbal WM in Musicians
Area Left hemisphere Right hemisphere
Verbal > nonrehearsal Verbal > Tonal Musicians > nonmusicians Verbal > Nonrehearsal Verbal > tonal Musicians > nonmusicians
BA Coordinate (x, y, z) z‐value (SPM) P‐value (ROI) P‐value (ROI) BA Coordinate (x, y, z) z‐value (SPM) P‐value (ROI) P‐ value (ROI)
Cingulate gyrus 24 13, 13, 30 4.345 n.s.
Pre‐SMA/SMA 6 4, 4, 54 5.483 n.s.
Pars opercularisa 44 −50, 7, 12 4.845 .0001 v
Ant. insula −29, 19, 6 5.258 .002 v 31, 19, 3 4.617 .02v .002 m
PMd 6 −26, −17, 57 3.734 n.s.
6 −26, −2, 54 3.608 n.s.
PMvb 6 −47, 4, 36 4.715 .006v 6 28, −5, 48 4.448 n.s.
6 −32, 1, 33 4.010 n.s.
Paracentral lobule 6 7, −29, 63 4.183 n.s. n.s.
Somatosensory cortex 3 31, −29, 66 3.794 n.s. n.s.
3 31, −29, 48 3.966 n.s. n.s.
IPL 40 −53, −38, 48 3.394 n.s.
IPS 7/40 −47, −44, 57 3.895 n.s.
7/40 −35, −50, 48 4.105 n.s.
7/40 −29, −62, 45 3.989 n.s.
SPL 7 −20, −65, 57 3.987 n.s. n.s.
Putamen −20, −8, 12 3.787 n.s. n.s.
Cerebellum 25, −65, −15 4.401 n.s.
Tonal WM in Musicians
Area Left hemisphere Right hemisphere
Tonal > nonrehearsal Tonal > verbal Musicians > nonmusicians Tonal > nonrehearsal Tonal > verbal Musicians > nonmusicians
BA Coordinate (x, y, z) z‐value (SPM) P‐value (ROI) P‐value (ROI) BA Coordinate (x, y, z) z‐value (SPM)
Cingulate gyrus 32 −17, 19, 33 3.822 .03t .006m
Pre‐SMA/SMA 6 1, 1, 54 4.960 n.s. .04m
Lateral orbitofrontal c. 10 −26, 40, 12 3.391 n.s. n.s.
Pars opercularis 44 −56, 7, 9 3.999 n.s. .03m
Ant. insula −29, 22, 3 4.660 n.s. .003m
−35, 13, 9 4.514 n.s. .005m
IFS 46 −44, 25, 27 3.944 n.s. n.s.
46 −44, 46, 9 3.449 .04t n.s.
IFS 8 −50, 13, 33 3.741 n.s. .03m
PMd 6 −26, −2, 51 3.897 n.s. .002 m 6 25, −11, 60 4.181 .05t n.s.
6 34, −17, 54 4.799 .0006 t n.s.
PMvc 6 −47, −11, 42 4.535 n.s. n.s. 6 55, −2, 39 3.933 .02t n.s.
6 −47, 1, 36 4.366 n.s. .03m
6 −32, 1, 30 3.738 n.s. .006m
Paracentral lobule 7 1, −32, 57 4.923 .005t n.s.
IPS/IPL 40 −35, −50, 54 4.734 n.s. .0004 m
SPL 7 −20, −65, 54 4.272 n.s. .009m
Cuneus 31 −26, −68, 6 3.070 .02t .02m
Putamen −26, −8, 12 4.325 .03t n.s.
Globus pallidus 19, −8, 0 4.153 .01t n.s.
Caudate nucleus 16, −2, 21 4.479 .02t .02m
Cerebellum −20, −68, −9 3.793 .0001 t n.s. 4, −80, −9 3.105 .02t n.s.
−17, −38, −12 3.933 n.s. n.s. 28, −71, −12 5.133 .04t n.s.
−17, −53, −12 3.795 n.s. n.s. 43, −65, −18 4.257 .02t n.s.
−23, −44, −21 4.121 n.s. n.s.

Coordinates refer to standard stereotactic space [Talairach and Tournoux, 1988].

BA: Brodmann Area; z‐values (SPM) indicate activations for verbal vs. nonrehearsal or tonal vs. nonrehearsal (z > 2.57, corrected for multiple comparisons, minimum cluster size of 10 voxels); P‐value verbal > tonal (ROI): P‐value obtained in the ROI analysis comparing verbal > tonal rehearsal for verbal WM in musicians; P‐value tonal > verbal (ROI): P‐value obtained in the ROI analysis comparing tonal > verbal rehearsal for tonal WM in musicians; P‐value musicians > nonmusicians (ROI): P‐value obtained in the ROI analysis comparing musicians > nonmusicians; superscript indices: v: verbal > tonal; t: tonal > verbal; m: mus > nonmus; n.s.: not significant (blank fields indicate that no comparison was conducted, see Materials and Methods); underlined P‐values were significant after Bonferroni correction; abbreviations: ant. = anterior, c. = cortex.

a

This activation also included activation in the IFS.

b

The left activation also included activation in M1, the right activation also included activation in PMd.

c

The left activation also included activation in M1.