Table I.
Demographic, psychological, and clinical characteristics of the participants
| Schizophrenia (n = 26) | Control (n = 32) | Statistics | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | S.D. | Mean | S.D. | P | |
| Age (years) | 34.5 | 8.9 | 39.0 | 11.0 | N.S.a |
| Gender (male/female) | 16/10 | 16/16 | N.S.b | ||
| JART25 predicted full scale IQ | 104.5 | 10.3 | 108.2 | 8.9 | N.S.a |
| Age of onset (years) | 23.2 | 5.4 | — | — | — |
| Duration of illness (years) | 11.3 | 8.0 | — | — | — |
| Medication (mg day−1, HPD equivalent)c | 10.2 | 6.6 | — | — | — |
| Atypical only/typical only/bothd | 18/1/7 | — | — | — | |
| PANSS negative factor | 15.2 | 4.23 | |||
| Positive factor | 11.4 | 3.6 | |||
| Activation factor | 7.4 | 1.5 | |||
| Depressive factor | 8.3 | 2.6 | |||
| Cognitive factor | 5.7 | 1.2 | |||
a
Two‐tailed t tests, α = 0.05.
b
Two‐tailed χ2 test, α = 0.05.
c
Haloperidol equivalents were calculated according to the practice guidelines for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia [Inagaki and Inada, 2008, 2010; Lehman et al., 2004].
d
Atypical only = patients who were taking atypical antipsychotics. Typical only = patients taking typical antipsychotics. Both = patients taking both typical and atypical antipsychotics.