Figure 1.

(a) The experimental setup and (b) arrangement of the optode locations for the task design in (c). The subject was sitting in a comfortable chair with back support. The NIRS signals and EMG activities were measured simultaneously during cycling. A total of 20 channels of measurement was performed in the parietal and parietal‐frontal lobes. The optode channels covered the SMC, SMA, and PMC. Patients performed 3 cycling tasks, each starting with a 40 s rest period and a 20 s cycling period followed by 30 s of rest, repeated 8 times. During the passive cycling condition, the ergometer begins automatically 5 s before the cycling period because of the acceleration time needed to reach the target speed of 50 rpm.