Table 8.
Effects of dietary threonine levels on gene expression levels in the liver, intestine, and uterus of breeder hens of yellow-feathered chickens.
| Thr supplementation (bold) and (total dietary content, %) | P-value2 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.00 | 0.12 | 0.24 | 0.36 | 0.48 | 0.60 | |||||
| Variable | (0.38) | (0.50) | (0.62) | (0.74) | (0.86) | (0.98) | SEM1 | Thr | L | Q |
| In liver | ||||||||||
| pTOR | 0.43 | 0.47 | 0.32 | 0.41 | 0.26 | 0.31 | 0.04 | 0.69 | ||
| GOT | 0.56 | 0.41 | 0.51 | 0.48 | 0.49 | 0.45 | 0.02 | 0.58 | ||
| GPT | 0.78 | 0.65 | 0.89 | 0.82 | 0.92 | 0.81 | 0.05 | 0.81 | ||
| TDH | 2.37 | 2.39 | 2.51 | 2.51 | 2.47 | 2.62 | 0.04 | 0.50 | ||
| In duodenum | ||||||||||
| MUC2 | 0.73 | 0.66 | 0.59 | 0.69 | 0.96 | 0.69 | 0.04 | 0.20 | ||
| ZO-1 | 0.57a,b | 0.60a | 0.62a | 0.44b | 0.42b | 0.27c | 0.03 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.04 |
| In uterus | ||||||||||
| MUC2 | 0.73a | 0.63 a,b | 0.39c | 0.53b,c | 0.35c | 0.44b,c | 0.03 | 0.001 | 0.0001 | 0.04 |
| β-gal9 | 0.90 | 0.79 | 0.92 | 0.98 | 1.19 | 1.20 | 0.07 | 0.42 | 0.05 | |
1
Means within each row with different superscripts are significantly different (P < 0.05). Standard error of the mean from ANOVA (n = 6).
2
Thr = treatment effect; when significant, linear (L) and quadratic (Q) effects were tested.
pTOR, poultry target of rapamycin; GOT, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; GPT, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase; TDH, threonine dehydrogenase; MUC2, mucin 2; ZO-1, zonula occludens protein 1; β-gal 9, β-defensin-9.