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. 2019 Jul 29;68(12):2195–2205. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318882

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Tissue relevance of the 5hmC-Seal data in HCC patient-derived cfDNA. (A) For the most variable genes in cfDNA samples, the number of overlapped genes between cfDNA and tumours (TU: blue line) or adjacent tissues (TI: red line) is significantly higher than that from random sampling (eg, hypergeometric test p<0.0001 for the top 500 modified genes in cfDNA). The green line indicates the shared genes across plasma cfDNA, tumours and adjacent tissues. (B, C) Within-subject correlation is significantly higher (Wilcoxon rank-sum test p<0.0001) between plasma cfDNA and TU/TI genomic DNA (diagonal line, mean of Pearson’s r: 0.88) than that between different individuals (mean of Pearson’s r: 0.73), based on the top 30 most variable genes in cfDNA samples in terms of 5hmC modification. cfDNA, cell-free DNA; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; 5hmC, 5-hydroxymethylcytosines; PL, plasma cfDNA; TI, adjacent tissue; TU, tumour.