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. 2019 Nov 21;9:17314. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-53965-x

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Febuxostat improves cellular bioenergetics. (a) Heatmap image of metabolome data. Primed BMDMs were pretreated 30 min with vehicle or febuxostat, and then stimulated 90 min with nigericin. Cell extracts were used for metabolome analysis. Red indicates increased expression whereas green indicates decreased expression. (b) Illustration of mitochondrial respiratory capacity. (c,d) Primed BMDMs were pretreated 30 min with vehicle, febuxostat or MitoTEMPO, and then stimulated 90 min with nigericin. OCR was measured with the Seahorse XFp Extracellular Flux analyser. Basal respiration and ATP production were calculated by subtracting OCR value at 73.7 and at 34.3 min from OCR value at 14.6 min in (c), respectively. Data are shown as mean ± SD of four independent experiments in singlet. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.