Table 1.
Basic characteristics according to WHO Asian-specific BMI classification.
| Asian specific pre-pregnancy BMI | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <18.5 kg/m2 | 18.5–22.9 kg/m2 | 23.0–24.9 kg/m2 | 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 30 - kg/m2 | ||||||
| Underweight | Normal weight | Overweight | Obese I | Obese II | ||||||
| n = 18,382 | n = 61,960 | n = 9,985 | n = 7,873 | n = 3,136 | ||||||
| n or mean | (%) or SD | n or mean | (%) or SD | n or mean | (%) or SD | n or mean | (%) or SD | n or mean | (%) or SD | |
| Age, years | 31.0 | 5.4 | 31.9 | 5.3 | 32.4 | 5.5 | 32.6 | 5.5 | 32.3 | 5.3 |
| Maternal height, cm | 158.6 | 5.4 | 158.2 | 5.4 | 157.7 | 5.5 | 157.8 | 5.7 | 158.1 | 5.8 |
| Pre-pregnancy weight, kg | 44.3 | 3.6 | 51.2 | 4.5 | 59.4 | 4.3 | 67.3 | 5.9 | 84.3 | 10.1 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI, kg/m2 | 17.6 | 0.8 | 20.4 | 1.2 | 23.9 | 0.6 | 27 | 1.4 | 33.7 | 3.4 |
| Weight at delivery | 54.5 | 5.2 | 61.4 | 6.1 | 68.9 | 6.5 | 75.2 | 7.7 | 89.7 | 11.1 |
| BMI at delivery | 21.7 | 1.7 | 24.5 | 1.9 | 27.7 | 1.9 | 30.2 | 2.3 | 35.9 | 3.7 |
| Gestational week at delivery | 38.2 | 2.2 | 38.4 | 2.2 | 38.3 | 2.2 | 38.2 | 2.4 | 38.1 | 2.6 |
| Gestational weight gain | 10.2 | 3.7 | 10.2 | 3.9 | 9.5 | 4.5 | 7.9 | 5 | 5.2 | 5.7 |
| Nulliparity | 9,938 | (54.2) | 31,669 | (51.2) | 4,653 | (46.8) | 3434 | (43.7) | 1475 | (47.1) |
| Delivery Method | ||||||||||
| Vaginal Delivery | 14,089 | (76.7) | 45,426 | (73.3) | 6,685 | (67.0) | 4,913 | (62.4) | 1,758 | (56.1) |
| Caesarean Section | 4,155 | (22.6) | 16,027 | (25.9) | 3,221 | (32.3) | 2,889 | (36.7) | 1,341 | (42.8) |
| Other method | 138 | (0.8) | 507 | (0.8) | 79 | (0.8) | 71 | (0.9) | 37 | (1.2) |
| Smoking habits | ||||||||||
| Never | 16,800 | (91.4) | 57,250 | (92.4) | 9,070 | (90.8) | 6,996 | (88.9) | 2,660 | (84.8) |
| Past | 976 | (5.3) | 3,087 | (5.0) | 556 | (5.6) | 505 | (6.4) | 267 | (8.5) |
| Current | 606 | (3.3) | 1,623 | (2.6) | 359 | (3.6) | 372 | (4.7) | 209 | (6.7) |
| Pregnancy Outcome | ||||||||||
| SGA | 2,290 | (12.5) | 5,121 | (8.3) | 706 | (7.1) | 553 | (7.0) | 226 | (7.2) |
| Low birth weight | 3,635 | (19.8) | 8,635 | (13.9) | 1,272 | (12.7) | 1091 | (13.9) | 424 | (13.5) |
| Preterm birth | 2,205 | (12.0) | 6,199 | (10.0) | 1,094 | (11.0) | 915 | (11.6) | 393 | (12.5) |
| LGA | 885 | (4.8) | 5,585 | (9.0) | 1,282 | (12.8) | 1,295 | (16.5) | 688 | (21.9) |
| Macrosomia | 45 | (0.2) | 389 | (0.6) | 102 | (1.0) | 144 | (1.8) | 102 | (3.3) |
| GDM | 535 | (2.9) | 2,322 | (3.8) | 694 | (7.0) | 1,036 | (13.2) | 801 | (25.5) |
| Pregnancy -induced Hypertension | 613 | (3.3) | 2,673 | (4.3) | 674 | (6.8) | 816 | (10.4) | 501 | (16.0) |
| PPH with VD | 3644 | (19.8) | 13,156 | (21.2) | 2,140 | (21.4) | 1,657 | (21.1) | 694 | (22.1) |
| PPH with CS | 893 | (4.9) | 4,605 | (7.4) | 972 | (9.7) | 910 | (11.6) | 437 | (13.9) |
BMI, Body Mass Index; SGA, small for gestational age; LGA, large for gestational age; GDM, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus; PPH with VD, postpartum hemorrhage with vaginal delivery; PPH with CS, postpartum hemorrhage with cesarean section.