Table 1.
Overview of previous studies investigating molecular links between bipolar disorder and obesity or T2D in humans.
| Sample | Main results | Study |
|---|---|---|
| Post-mortem dlPFC samples from 268 patients (SCZ = 113, MD = 155)a and 191 HC; hippocampal samples from 219 patients (SCZ = 96, MD = 113)a and 169 HCa | Compared to HC, patients with mood disorders showed differential expression of GLP-1R and GLP-2R in the dlPFC and of GLP-1R in the hippocampus | Mansur et al.27 |
| Post-mortem dlPFC samples from 268 patients (SCZ = 113, MD = 155)a and 191 HC; hippocampal samples from 219 patients (SCZ = 96, MD = 113)a and 169 HC | Significant diagnosis by BMI interaction modulates expression of genes involved in the reeling pathway (RELN, CAMK2A, CAMK2N2 and GRIN2A) | Brietzke et al.17 |
| Post-mortem dlPFC samples from 321 patients (SCZ = 142, MDD = 99, BD = 80) and 209 HC; hippocampal samples from 196 patients (SCZ = 102, MDD = 52, BD = 42) and 180 HC | Changes in the expression of insulin receptor-related genes in the postmortem brain tissue of patients with mood and psychotic disorders mediate the expression of dopamine regulation-related genes | Mansur et al.16 |
| 100 patients with BD type II | Association between the TT genotype of the GNB3 C825T variant and lower BMI in patients treated with valproate | Chen et al.28 |
| 284 patients with psychosis (32 with BD) | The addition of genetic to clinical data does not improve prediction of BMI or BMI gain after 1 year | Harrison et al.29 |
| 662 patients with BD and 616 HC | Interactions between different TCF7L2 variants and BMI modulate susceptibility to BD | Cuellar-Barboza30 |
| 139 patients with BD and 137 HC | Association between the Met allele of the BDNF Val66Met variant and lower frequency of overweight and obesity | Morales-Marin et al.31 |
| 384 probands (SCZ = 129, SAD = 85, BD = 160), 413 non-affected relatives and 218 HC | Lack of association between a T2D PRS and proband or relative status; lack of association between a SCZ PRS and prevalence of diabetes | Padmanabhan et al.32 |
| 90 patients with BD, 76 with SCZ or SAD | Association between the Met66 allele of the BDNF Val66Met functional variant and weight gain in patients treated with atypical antipsychotics | Bonaccorso et al.33 |
| 81 patients with SCZ or BDa | Association between CYP2D6 phenotype and weight gain in patients treated with atypical antipsychotics | Nussbaum et al.34 |
| 388 BD patients and 1020 HC | Interaction between the TCF7L2 rs12772424 variant and BMI in modulating susceptibility to BD | Winham et al.21 |
| 930 patients with SCZ, 869 with BD and 876 HC | No association between BD and 32 SNPs previously associated with T2D | Kajio et al.35 |
| 96 patients with BD | Association between the T allele of the GNB3 C825T variant and lower BMI in patients treated with valproate | Chang et al.36 |
BD bipolar disorder, dlPFC dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, HC healthy controls, MD mood disorders, MDD major depressive disorder, PRS polygenic risk score, SAD schizoaffective disorder, SCZ schizophrenia
aThe number of mood disorder patients with a diagnosis of BD was not specified