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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2020 May;72(5):622–629. doi: 10.1002/acr.23887
Mucocutaneous    Pulmonary hemorrhage Hematologic
   Malar rash    Shrinking lung syndrome    Vascular thrombosis
   Discoid rash Gastrointestinal    Hemolytic anemia
   Subacute cutaneous LE    Peritonitis    Direct coomb’s test
   Bullous skin lesions    Pancreatitis    Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)
   Panniculitis    Hepatitis    Leukopenia
   Alopecia Renal    Lymphopenia
   Cutaneous vasculitis    Dialysis    Thrombocytopenia
   Raynaud’s    Renal transplantation Serologies
   Livedo reticularis    Lupus nephritis    Lupus anticoagulant
   Urticaria    24 hour urine for protein (≥ 500mg)    Anticardiolipin antibodies
   Photosensitivity    Urine protein/creatinine > 0.5    Anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I
   Mucosal ulcers    Urine protein/creatinine > 3    Low C3
   Chilblain lupus    Urinalysis: protein    Low C4
   Lupus tumidus    Urinalysis: cellular casts    Low complement
   LE mucosus Musculoskeletal    ANA
   Maculopapular rash    Arthritis    Anti-ds DNA
   Toxic epidermal necrolysis    Jaccoud’s arthropathy    Anti-Smith
Serositis    Avascular necrosis    Anti-Smith/RNP
   Serositis    Myositis    Anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies (IgG)
   Pleuritis Neurological    Anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies (IgM)
   Pericarditis    Seizures    Anti-beta2 glycoprotein I-IgG
   Peritonitis    Psychosis    Anti-beta2 glycoprotein I-IgM
Cardiovascular    Mononeuritis multiplex    Anticoagulant screen confirmatory test
   Pericarditis    Cerebrovascular disease    Anti-RNP
   Myocardial infarction    Transverse myelitis    Anti-Ro/SSA
Pulmonary    Aseptic meningitis    Anti-La/SSB
   Pulmonary hypertension    Chorea    RF
   Interstitial lung disease    Cranial and/or peripheral neuropathy    Antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies
   Pneumonitis    Acute confusional state    Lupus anticoagulant confirmatory