Table 5.

Characteristics and outcomes comparing patients with mono- versus polymicrobial Stenotrophomonas maltophilia HAPs

Variables	Sm only N = 117	Polymicrobial Sm HAP N = 164	p value
Gender, male	78 (66.7)	119 (72.6)	0.362
Age, years	67 [59–76]	64 [55–72]	0.024
BMI (kg m−2)	24.6 [21.1–29.6]	25.7 [22.3–28.4]	0.361
Reason for ICU admission			0.024
Medical condition	80 (68.4)	87 (53)
Scheduled surgery	8 (6.8)	24 (14.6)
Emergent surgery	29 (24.8)	53 (32.3)
Previous carriage of S. maltophilia	5 (4.3)	6 (3.7)	0.812
Pulmonary comorbidities
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	27 (23.1)	24 (14.6)	0.084
Chronic respiratory insufficiency	15 (12.8)	14 (8.5)	0.245
Cystic fibrosis	0 (0)	2 (1.2)	0.512
Prior exposure to carbapenems	27 (23.1)	37 (22.5)	0.723
Susceptibility to trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole	97 (82.9)	147 (89.6)	0.424
Severity scores
SOFA score at admission	8 [5–11]	8 [5–11]	0.381
SAPS II at 24 h	48 [37–62]	47 [36–63]	0.672
Ventilator-associated pneumonia	91 (77.8)	136 (82.9)	0.280
Duration of mechanical ventilation prior to S. maltophilia HAP, days	9 [2–17]	11 [6–20]	0.031
ICU length of stay, days	28 [16–49]	36 [22–60]	0.034
Hospital length of stay, days	45 [26–80]	59 [32–98]	0.062
Number of days between hospital admission and S. maltophilia HAP	14 [8–23]	17 [8–31]	0.294
Number of days between ICU admission and S. maltophilia HAP	10 [5–18]	12 [6–20]	0.046
Empiric antibiotic therapy	67 (57.3)	99 (60.4)	0.602
Combination therapy active on S. maltophilia	66 (56.4)	100 (61.0)	0.407
Overall in-hospital mortality	63 (53.8)	74 (45.1)	0.228
In-hospital mortality according to empiric antimicrobial therapy			0.273
Appropriate	8 (6.8)	16 (9.8)
Inappropriate	24 (20.5)	30 (18.3)

Data are presented as median, interquartile range ([IQR]), or number (percentage) (n, (%)) as appropriate

BMI body mass index, HAP hospital-acquired pneumonia, SAPS Simplified Acute Physiology Score, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, S. maltophilia Stenotrophomonas maltophilia