Table 1.
Variability In The Investigated Marker Of Pancreatic Damage, And Cytokines By Groups Expressed As Mean And Standard Deviation
| Group Abbreviation (7 rats per group) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | STZ | STZ+CC1 | STZ+CC2 | STZ+LCC1 | STZ+LCC2 | |
| Marker of pancreatic damage | ||||||
| C-Peptide (pmol/L) Mean (STD) P-value* P-value** P-value*** |
609 (14.80) |
426 (12.91) |
436 (9.69) 0.1417 |
443 (11.19) 0.0298 |
448 (12.14) 0.0127 0.1059 |
557 (11.00) 0.0022 0.0022 0.0022 |
| Markers of inflammation | ||||||
| TNF-α (ng/mL) Mean (STD) P-value* P-value** P-value*** |
0.45 (0.07) |
4.03 (0.35) |
3.73 (0.26) 0.1102 |
3.49 (0.35) 0.0253 |
3.13 (0.39) 0.0040 0.0106 |
2.17 (0.35) 0.0022 0.0022 0.0040 |
| IL-6 (ng/mL) Mean (STD) P-value* P-value** P-value*** |
0.29 (0.03) |
0.44 (0.04) |
0.41 (0.02) 0.1599 |
0.40 (0.01) 0.0553 |
0.38 (0.03) 0.0152 0.0967 |
0.36 (0.04) 0.0106 0.0967 0.4062 |
| IL-1α (ng/mL) Mean (STD) P-value* P-value** P-value*** |
0.39 (0.04) |
0.60 (0.07) |
0.50 (0.05) 0.0181 |
0.49 (0.04) 0.0060 |
0.47 (0.06) 0.0060 0.2248 |
0.41 (0.05) 0.0022 0.0181 0.0845 |
| IL-1ß (ng/mL) Mean (STD) P-value* P-value** P-value*** |
0.47 (0.12) |
1.77 (0.12) |
1.61 (0.04) 0.0033 |
1.48 (0.05) 0.0022 |
1.35 (0.21) 0.0060 0.0298 |
1.04 (0.21) 0.0022 0.0027 0.0215 |
| MCP-1 (ng/mL) Mean (STD) P-value* P-value** P-value*** |
0.26 (0.05) |
0.44 (0.05) |
0.40 (0.02) 0.1102 |
0.37 (0.03) 0.0106 |
0.39 (0.05) 0.0639 0.7983 |
0.33 (0.03) 0.0027 0.0736 0.0409 |
| RANTES (ng/mL) Mean (STD) P-value* P-value** P-value*** |
1.73 (0.07) |
3.35 (0.24) |
3.13 (0.16) 0.0639 |
2.97 (0.21) 0.0152 |
2.60 (0.17) 0.0022 0.0022 |
2.11 (0.13) 0.0022 0.0022 0.0027 |
Notes: P-values from Mann–Whitney test: *As compared to STZ-C; **For comparison of STZ+CC1 with STZ+LCC1, respectively, STZ+CC2 with STZ+LCC2; ***For comparison between groups with different doses of LLC (STZ+LCC1 with STZ+LCC2).
Abbreviations: STD, standard deviation; C, Control; STZ, streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes; STZ+CC1, STZ and 1 mg/0.1 kg bw curcumin as pre-treatment; STZ+CC2, STZ and 2 mg/100g bw curcumin as pre-treatment; STZ+LCC1, STZ and pre-treatment with 1 mg/100g bw liposomal-curcumin; STZ+LCC2, STZ and pre-treatment with 2 mg/0.1 kg bw liposomal-curcumin; Std, standard deviation; TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor-alpha; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-1α, interleukin-1 alpha; IL-1β, interleukin-1 beta; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; RANTES, regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted.