Table 5. Factors associated with the occurrence of drug resistance-associated mutations in ART-naive patients.
| Factors Category | Prevalence of mutation, n (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | Presence | Absence | OR (CI), p-value | |
| Gender | Male | 9 (13.8) | 56 (86.2) | 1.70 (0.64–4.53), 0.287 |
| Female | 9 (8.7) | 95 (91.3) | 1 | |
| Age (years) | 19–29 | 5 (9.1) | 50 (90.9) | 0.51 (0.15–1.75), 0.287 |
| 30–40 | 6 (8.5) | 65 (91.5) | 0.48 (0.15–1.52), 0.210 | |
| > 40 | 7 (16.3) | 36 (83.7) | 1 | |
| Region | Northwest | 8 (15.1) | 45 (84.9) | 1.88 (0.70–5.09), 0.206 |
| Southwest | 10 (8.6) | 106 (91.4) | 1 | |
| A treatment centre in the municipality | Out | 13 (14.3) | 78 (85.7) | 2.43 (0.83–7.16), 0.098 |
| Within | 5 (6.4) | 73 (93.6 | 1 | |
| Socio-economic | ||||
| Level of education | Low (≤ 7) | 12 (14.3) | 72 (85.7) | 2.19 (0.78–6.15), 0.128 |
| (years of school) | High (> 7) | 6 (7.1) | 79 (92.9) | |
| Income level (XAF) | ≤ 50,000 | 12 (9.2) | 119 (90.8) | 0.54 (0.19–1.54), 0.243 |
| (50000 ~100 USD) | > 50,000 | 6 (15.8) | 32 (84.2) | 1 |
| Behavioural | ||||
| Alcohol use | Yes | 9 (11.5) | 69 (88.5) | 1.19 (0.45–3.16), 0.729 |
| No | 9 (9.9) | 82 (90.1) | 1 | |
| Smoking | Yes | 2 (16.7) | 10 (83.3) | 1.76 (0.35–8.76), 0.483 |
| No | 16 (10.2) | 141 (89.8) | 1 | |
| Clinical history | ||||
| CD4+ status (cells/ml) | < 200 | 2 (5.9) | 32 (94.1) | 0.97 (0.13–7.31), 0.975 |
| 200–499 | 5 (10.4) | 43 (89.6) | 1.80 (0.33–9.90), 0.498 | |
| ≥ 500 | 2 (6.1) | 31 (93.9) | 1 | |
| HIV subtypes | Single forms | 4 (10.3) | 35 (89.7) | 0.95 (0.29–3.06), 0.927 |
| Recombinant | 14 (10.8) | 116 (89.2) | 1 | |
| HIV Log10 viral load | ≥ 5.2 copies/ml | 15 (17.6) | 70 (82.4) | 5.79 (1.61–20.8), 0.007 |
| < 5.2 copies/ml | 3 (3.6) | 81 (96.4) | 1 | |