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. 2019 Nov 15;7:285. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00285

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

MSC immunoregulatory activities. MSCs can inhibit the proliferation and activation of B and T lymphocytes and NK cells and increase or restore the ratio of Tregs to Th effector cells. MSCs can also promote a switch from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory phenotype and cytokine secretion by T cells, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells.