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. 2019 Nov 9;11(21):9893–9900. doi: 10.18632/aging.102439

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Copyright © 2019 Yun et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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General third variable model of pack-years of smoking, BMI and LTL. β, c and c’ are standardized regression coefficients; c=total effect; c’=direct effect; β₁=indirect effect 1; β₂=indirect effect 2; β_Ind=total indirect effect; BMI=body mass index; LTL=leukocyte telomere length. * P<0.05; ** P<0.01.