Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study sample, overall and stratified on FOG status.
| Characteristic | All N = 45 |
NO-FOG N = 15 |
OFF-FOG N = 11 |
ONOFF-FOG N = 19 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 66 ± 8 | 65 ± 11 | 68 ± 4 | 67 ± 7 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male (n,%) | 33 (73) | 9 (60) | 9 (82) | 15 (79) |
| Female (n,%) | 12 (27) | 6 (40) | 2 (18) | 4 (21) |
| Education (y) | 16 ± 2 | 17 ± 1 | 17 ± 3 | 16 ± 2 |
| MoCA (/30) | 25.4 ± 4.0a | 27.4 ± 1.9 | 25.1 ± 4.2 | 24.0 ± 4.7 |
| PD duration (y)b | 10 ± 6 | 6 ± 4c | 11 ± 5 | 12 ± 7c |
| Age at PD onset (y) | 56 ± 9 | 58 ± 11 | 57 ± 6 | 55 ± 9 |
| LED (mg)d | 1294 ± 664 | 864 ± 300c | 1197 ± 500 | 1690 ± 738c |
| MDS-UPDRS-I (/52) | 11.8 ± 6.3 | 10.2 ± 5.1 | 11.5 ± 5.5 | 13.2 ± 7.5 |
| MDS-UPDRS-II (/52)b | 16.0 ± 7.7 | 10.7 ± 6.9c | 17.3 ± 5.7 | 19.3 ± 7.3c |
| MDS-UPDRS-IV (/24) | 6.3 ± 3.2 | 5.5 ± 3.1 | 6.3 ± 3.4 | 7.1 ± 3.3 |
| ON-state dyskinesia | ||||
| Yes (n, %) | 34 (76) | 9 (60) | 10 (91) | 15 (79) |
| No (n, %) | 11 (24) | 6 (40) | 1 (9) | 4 (21) |
| FOG duration (y) | 3 ± 3e | 4 ± 3 | 3 ± 3 | |
| Age at FOG onset (y) | 64 ± 7e | 64 ± 6 | 64 ± 7 | |
| NFOG-Q (/28)d | 20.1 ± 5.5e | 16.5 ± 6.1c | 22.1 ± 4.0c | |
NO-FOG no Freezing of Gait, OFF-FOG levodopa-responsive Freezing of Gait, ONOFF-FOG levodopa-unresponsive Freezing of Gait
aN = 43
bOverall effect of group at P < 0.05
cSignificant difference between listed groups at P < 0.05
dOverall effect of group, P < 0.01
eN = 30