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. 2019 Nov 22;9:17431. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-53946-0

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Airborne DMNT increases defense capabilities in Ipomoea batatas TN57. (a,b) Larval weight of S. litura after feeding for 7 d and 10 d on DCM (control) or DMNT- treated TN57 (a, n = 16) or TN66 (b, n = 25) plants. For DMNT treatment, plants were incubated with 3.9 nM for 3 h. (c,d) Trypsin inhibitory activity of TN57 (c, n = 5) and TN66 (d, n = 6) after incubation with 3.9 nM of DMNT for 3 h. Bars represent the mean ± SEM of larval weight or trypsin inhibitory activity for control (DCM, black bars) and DMNT treatment (gray bars). Significance levels are indicated by the asterisks (n.s. = non-significant; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01). (a) TN57: p (CxDMNT) = 0.002; (b) TN66: p (CxDMNT) = 0.468. (c) TN57: p (CxDMNT) = 0.028; (d) TN66: p (CxDMNT) = 0.207. Asterisks indicate significant differences between control and DMNT treatment, based on a t-test (c,d) and ANOVA followed by a Tukey- adjusted comparison based on a linear model (a,b).