Table 1.

Explanation of notation (all variables and parameters are non-negative).

Symbol	Definition
Variables
Sj	Number of susceptible juveniles
Sf(a), Sm(a)	Number of susceptible adult women and men with sexual activity a
Sf, Sm	Number of susceptible adult women and men: Eq. (7)
Ij	Number of infected juveniles
If(a), Im(a)	Number of infected adult women and men with sexual activity a
If, Im	Number of infected adult women and men: Eq. (8)
Nf, Nm	Number of adult women and men: Sf + If, Sm + Im
Θf, Θm	Probability that a sexual partner of a man or woman is infected
kf, km	Mean number of sexual contacts per unit of time: Eq. (5)
cf, cm	Effective number of sexual contacts per unit of time: Eq. (6)
Parameters
a	Sexual activity of each individual
pf(a), pm(a)	Distribution of sexual activity of women and men
a	Mean sexual activity: a = 1
B	Number of births per unit of time
α	vertical transmission rate from mother to infant (0 ≤ α ≤ 1)
αeff	vertical transmission from mother to infant (0 ≤ αeff ≤ 1): Eq. (15)
δ	Rate of infertility or stillbirth caused by infection (0 ≤ δ ≤ 1)
λ, λ'	Maturing rate for susceptible juveniles and infected juveniles
μj, ${\mu }_{\mathrm{j}}^{\text{'}}$	Natural and pathogenic mortality rates of juveniles
μf, ${\mu }_{\mathrm{f}}^{\text{'}}$	Natural and pathogenic mortality rates of adult women
μm, ${\mu }_{\mathrm{m}}^{\text{'}}$	Natural and pathogenic mortality rates of adult men
ηj, ηf, ηm	Recovery rates of juveniles, adult women, and adult men
γ	Proportion of men at the time of coming of age (0 < γ < 1)
βm→f	Sexual transmission rate from male to female (0 < βm→f < 1)
βf→m	Sexual transmission rate from female to male (0 < βf→m < 1)