Table 1.

Clinical trials involving combination treatment targeting cancer stem cells to overcome chemo- and radioresistance.

Tumor type	Clinical trial ID	Drug targeting CSC (plus chemo/radiotherapy)
Breast	NCT02876302; NCT02776917; NCT02370238; NCT01868503; NCT01876251; NCT02001974; NCT01372579; NCT01281163; NCT01190345; NCT01118975; NCT00949247; NCT00645333; NCT00524303	Ruxolitinib; cirmtuzumab; reparixin; lapatinib; PF-03084014; eribulin mesylate; MK2206; bevacizumab; vorinostat; MK0752; trastuzumab
Pancreatic	NCT022311723; NCT01195415; NCT01192763; NCT01189929; NCT01051284	BBI608; vismodegib; RO4929097; demcizumab; cyberknife radiation
Ovarian	NCT03632798; NCT03030287; NCT02713386; NCT01579812	Avastin; OMP-305B83; ruxolitinib; metformin
Hematologic	NCT03113643; NCT02730195; NCT01861340; NCT01130688	Azacitidine; pioglitazone; MEDI-551; zileuton
Glioma	NCT03632135; NCT02315534; NCT02039778; NCT01119599	Vincristine; irinotecan; etoposide; imatinib; BBI608; stem cell radiotherapy; RO4929097
Colorectal	NCT03035253; NCT02753127; NCT01189942	OMP-305B83; BBI608; OMP-21M18
Non-small-cell lung	NCT01193868; NCT01189968	RO4929097; demcizumab
Hepatocellular	NCT02279719; NCT01442870	BBI503; BBI608; metformin
Esophageal	NCT02423811	Fursultiamine
Gastrointestinal	NCT02024607	BBI608
Head and neck	NCT01255800	IPI-926
Advanced or metastatic	NCT02722954; NCT02483247; NCT02467361; NCT02432326	Demcizumab; BBI503; BBI608