Fig. 2.

Direct plasma membrane potential determination in RBC by using microelectrodes. The RBC were suspended in isotonic solutions like serum or Ringer solution at low hematocrit. Then, single cells were placed in a microchamber on a microscope and with the aid of a piezoelectric micromanipulator, cells were impaled with the micropipette carrying the microelectrode. Both the intracytoplamatic and the external electrodes were connected to an amplifier and the potential was measured