Table 2.

Selected characteristics of meta-analyses on psychological interventions in primary care (2014–2019)^a

	Patients	Intervention	Format	Comparison	N st	SMD	95% CI	I2	95% CIb
Linde, 2015 [16]	Depression	CBT	Face-to-face	TAU or placebo	7	0.30	0.13~0.48	0	0~71
Santoft, 2019 [17••]	Depression	CBT	Any	Control	34	0.22	0.15~0.30	40	18~59
Stephens, 2016 [35••]	Postpartum depr	Any	Face-to-face	TAU or WL	10	0.38	0.27~0.49	60	27~78
Twomey, 2015 [18]	Depr and anx	CBT	Any	No treatment	7	0.59	0.32~0.85	61	Nr
		CBT	Any	TAU	14	0.48	0.27~0.69	77	Nr
		CBT + TAU	Any	TAU	9	0.37	0.25~0.50	30	Nr
Wells, 2018 [36]	Depression	C-CBT	Guided + ung.	TAU or WL	8	0.26	0.07~0.45	85	73~92
Zhang 2019 [37••]	Depression	CBT, PST, MI, SFT	Any	Any comparator	65	0.42	0.29~0.56	Nr	Nr
Zhang, 2018 [38•]	Depression	PST	Face to face	Any comparator	11	0.67	0.47~0.88	Nr	Nr

Anx, anxiety; C-CBT, computerized cognitive behavior therapy; CBT, cognitive behavior therapy; CI, confidence interval; Depr, depression; MI, motivational interviewing; N st, number of studies; Nr, not reported; PST, problem-solving therapy; SFT, solution-focused therapy; SMD, standardized mean difference (Cohen’s d or Hedges’ g); TAU, treatment-as-usual; Ung, unguided; WL, waiting list

^aOnly conventional meta-analyses with at least 5 studies in a comparison and reporting a standardized mean difference are included in the table

^bIf the 95% CI of I² was not reported, we calculated it based on the value of Q and df with the heterogi module in STATA