Table 1.
Basic information of included studies.
| Study ID | Participant | Acute or preventive treatment | Intervention | Control | Outcome measures | Design | Trials (participants) | Risk of bias assessment tool |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linde et al. [14] | Migraine patients | NR | Acupuncture | ①②③ | At least one clinical outcome related to headache | RCT | 26 (1151) | Risk of bias approach for Cochrane reviews |
| Linde et al. [7] | Episodic migraine patients | Preventive treatment | Acupuncture with or without manual or electrical stimulation | ①②③ | Headache frequency, response, and quality of life | RCT | 22 (4985) | α |
| Chen et al. [15] | Migraine patients | NR | Acupuncture | ③ | Ⓑ | RCT | 18 (1730) | β |
| Chen [16] | Migraine patients | NR | Acupuncture | Acupuncture not according to meridians;①②③ and other treatments | Ⓑ | RCT | 18 (1672) | α |
| Chu et al. [17] | Migraine patients | NR | Acupuncture | ②③ | NR | RCT | 24 (2397) | α |
| Cui et al. [18] | Migraine patients | NR | Acupuncture with or without electrical stimulation | ②③ and other treatments. | Ⓐ | RCT | 15 (1288) | α |
| Dai and Lin [19] | Migraine patients | NR | Acupuncture | NR | NR | RCT | 2 (140) | β |
| Gao et al. [20] | NR | NR | Acupuncture | ② | Ⓑ | RCT | 12 (1744) | β |
| Yang et al. [21] | Migraine patients | NR | Acupuncture | ② | At least one clinical outcome related to headache | RCT | 10 (997) | α |
| Zheng and Hai [22] | Migraine patients | NR | Acupuncture | NR | NR | RCT | 33 (3593) | α |
| Zhao [23] | Menstrual migraine patients | NR | Acupuncture with or without other treatments | ②③ and other treatments. | ⒶⒷⒸ, pain index, pain time, symptom score, and biochemical indexes. | RCT | 18 (1268) | α |
| Pu [24] | Migraine patients | Preventive treatment | Acupuncture | ③ | ⒶⒷⒸ, migraine days, migraine frequency, times of analgesics used, and follow-up rate. | RCT | 7 (1285) | α |
| Pu et al. [25] | Migraine patients | Acute treatment | Acupuncture | ② | Ⓐ | RCT | 5 (618) | α |
| Song et al. [26] | Migraine patients | Preventive treatment | Acupuncture with or without electrical stimulation or placebo | ③ with or without placebo | Ⓑ, pain days, and other outcome. | RCT | 18 (1470) | α |
| Yang et al. [27] | Migraine patients | NR | Acupuncture | ③ | ⒷⒸ; pain index | RCT | 10 (893) | α |