Table 2.
Baseline values of the clinical, motor, and functional outcome variables for all patients as a whole and grouped in H&Y < 3 and in H&Y stage ≥3, with p values for between-group comparisons.
| Variable | All patients T0 | H&Y < 3 | H&Y ≥ 3 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| O'CT (s) | 499.6 ± 133.4 | 466.9 ± 117.6 | 541.5 ± 141.1 | <0.0001 |
| MMDT placing test 1 (s) | 103.5 ± 23.4 | 97.9 ± 18.7 | 110.3 ± 26.5 | <0.0001 |
| MMDT placing test 2 (s) | 97.8 ± 23.3 | 92.8 ± 19.5 | 103.8 ± 26.0 | <0.0001 |
| MMDT placing test total score (s) | 201.2 ± 45.9 | 190.3 ± 37.9 | 214.3 ± 51.1 | <0.0001 |
| MMDT turning test 1 (s) | 24.2 ± 8.6 | 22.1 ± 6.3 | 26.7 ± 10.3 | <0.0001 |
| MMDT turning test 2 (s) | 25.6 ± 9.5 | 23.2 ± 6.7 | 28.5 ± 11.5 | <0.0001 |
| MMDT turning test 3 (s) | 21.8 ± 7.0 | 20.0 ± 5.6 | 24.1 ± 7.9 | <0.0001 |
| MMDT turning test 4 (s) | 22.9 ± 7.8 | 20.9 ± 6.1 | 25.2 ± 9.1 | <0.0001 |
| MMDT turning test total score (s) | 94.2 ± 30.2 | 86.0 ± 22.4 | 104.2 ± 35.3 | <0.0001 |
| UPDRS part II | 14.3 ± 5.0 | 12.1 ± 4.0 | 16.8 ± 4.8 | <0.0001 |
| UPDRS part III | 19.8 ± 5.5 | 17.9 ± 4.5 | 21.9 ± 5.8 | <0.0001 |
| SPDDS | 72.0 ± 13.6 | 68.8 ± 12.6 | 75.8 ± 13.9 | <0.0001 |
O'CT (O'Connor finger dexterity test); MMDT (Minnesota manual dexterity test); UPDRS (unified Parkinson's disease rating scale); SPDDS (self-assessment Parkinson's disease disability Scale). Reported p values are from the Mann–Whitney U test (between-group comparison, H&Y ≥ 3 vs H&Y < 3).