Table 4.
Comparison Of The Bacterial Susceptibility To TM Extracts And AgNPs
| Treatment | Bacterial Strains | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S. entericaa | S. pneumoniae | S. aureus | K. pneumoniae | S. enterica enterica | S. entericab | S. flexneri | H. influenzae | |
| aTMSB | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ✓ |
| aTMSB-AgNPs-25°C | – | – | – | ✓ | – | – | ✓ | ✓ |
| aTMSB-AgNPs-70°C | – | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | - |
| mTMSB | – | ✓ | – | – | ✓ | – | ✓ | ✓ |
| mTMSB-AgNPs-25°C | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ✓ |
| aTML | – | ✓ | – | – | – | – | – | - |
| aTML-AgNPs-25°C | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| aTML-AgNP-70°C | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| aTMR | – | ✓ | – | – | – | – | – | ✓ |
| mTMR | – | ✓ | – | – | – | – | – | ✓ |
| mTMR-AgNPs-25°C | – | ✓ | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Notes: Eight bacterial strains were treated with TM extracts and AgNPs for 24 hrs. Inhibitory effects of TM samples were visually assessed to identify the strains that were susceptibility to TM extracts and AgNPs. The aTM-AgNPs were the most active and inhibited growth of all bacterial strains, compared to the crude extracts and other AgNPs. S. entericaa (Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica A36 (Serovar Typhimurium) vs S. entericab (Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica 2004 Pennsylvania Tomato Outbreak, Serovar Anatum, Isolate 4).
Abbreviations: AgNPs, Silver nanoparticles; TM, Terminalia mantaly; a, represents aqueous extracts; m, represents methanolic extracts; TML, TM leaf extracts; TMR, TM root extracts; TMSB, TM stem bark extracts; S. pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae; S. enterica enterica, Salmonella enterica enterica; H. influenzae, Haemphilus influenzae, S. flexineri, Shigella flexineri; K. pneumoniae, Kbesiella pneumoniae; S. aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, S. enterica- Salmonella enterica; -, no bacterial activity; ✓, bacterial activity.