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. 2019 Oct 24;9(4):270–278. doi: 10.15171/hpp.2019.37

Table 3. Frequencies of cigarette use and alcohol use: online students versus non-online students .

  Online College Students
(n = 961)
Non-online College Students (NCHA II Spring 2015 data set; n = 91829) Z-Statistic P Value
Cigarette use        
Never used 73.4% 73.8% -0.27 0.7872
Used last 30 days 4.7% 8.0% -3.72* 0.0002
Smoke daily 8.1% 2.5% 10.57* <0.0001
Daily use of cigars, little cigars, clove cigarettes 0.3% 0.1%
Daily use of smokeless tobacco 0.7% 0.7%
Alcohol use [5+ drinks over last 2 weeks]    
None/do not drink 29.3% 23.7% 7.59* <0.0001
1-5 times 19.2% 29.8% -6.99* <0.0001
6+ times 1.0% 2.1% -2.37* 0.0178

*Significant differences between online students and NCHA sample (P < 0.0001).