Table 5.
Predictive ability of shock index and heart rate to identify postpartum bleeding above the 90th percentile over 2 hours (13% of body blood volume) and 24 h (15% of body blood volume)
| Blood loss | Period | AUC | P-value | Cut-off point | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | Likelihood ratio* |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Shock index: | ||||||||
| 13% in 2 h |
0-20 min |
0.608 |
0.066 |
|||||
| 13% in 2 h |
21-40 min |
0.675 |
0.003 |
0.80 |
59.3 (53.4, 65.2) |
74.6 (69.3, 79.9) |
+ 2.33 / - 0.55 |
|
| 13% in 2 h |
41-60 min |
0.651 |
0.010 |
1.04 |
29.6 (24.1, 35.1) |
97.5 (95.6, 99.4) |
+ 11.84 / - 0.72 |
|
| 13% in 2 h |
61-90 min |
0.705 |
<0.0001 |
0.83 |
55.6 (49.6, 61.6) |
79.8 (75.0, 84.6) |
+ 2.75 / - 0.56 |
|
| 13% in 2 h |
91-120 min |
0.710 |
<0.0001 |
0.76 |
70.4 (64.9, 75.9) |
69.8 (64.2, 75.4) |
+ 2.33 / - 0.42 |
|
|
Heart rate: | ||||||||
| 13% in 2 h |
0-20 min |
0.662 |
0.006 |
102.1 |
63.0 (57.2, 68.8) |
69.9 (64.4, 75.4) |
+ 2.09 / - 0.53 |
|
| 13% in 2 h |
21-40 min |
0.693 |
0.001 |
105.17 |
48.1 (42.1, 54.1) |
90.3 (86.7, 93.9) |
+ 4.96 / - 0.57 |
|
| 13% in 2 h |
41-60 min |
0.687 |
0.001 |
99.50 |
48.1 42.1, 54.1) |
84.9 (80.6, 89.2) |
+ 3.19 / - 0.61 |
|
| 13% in 2 h |
61-90 min |
0.675 |
0.003 |
94.75 |
51.9 (45.9, 57.9) |
81.1 (76.4, 85.8) |
+ 2.75 / - 0.59 |
|
| 13% in 2 h |
91-120 min |
0.692 |
0.001 |
93.17 |
63.0 (57.2, 68.8) |
76.6 (71.5, 81.7) |
+ 2.69 / - 0.48 |
|
|
Shock index: | ||||||||
| 15% in 24 h |
0-20 min |
0.589 |
0.106 |
|||||
| 15% in 24 h |
21-40 min |
0.637 |
0.015 |
0.80 |
53.3 (47.2, 59.4) |
74.4 (69.1, 79.7) |
+ 2.08 / - 0.63 |
|
| 15% in 24 h |
41-60 min |
0.630 |
0.019 |
0.96 |
32.3 (26.6, 38.0) |
93.4 (90.4, 96.4) |
+ 4.89 / - 0.72 |
|
| 15% in 24 h |
61-90 min |
0.652 |
0.006 |
0.71 |
74.2 (68.9, 79.5) |
53.9 (47.8, 60.0) |
+ 1.61 / - 0.48 |
|
| 15% in 24 h |
91-120 min |
0.721 |
<0.0001 |
0.75 |
74.2 (68.8, 79.6) |
68.4 (62.7, 74.1) |
+ 2.35 / - 0.38 |
|
|
Heart rate: | ||||||||
| 15% in 24 h |
0-20 min |
0.664 |
0.003 |
102.1 |
67.7 (62.0, 73.4) |
71.6 (66.1, 77.1) |
+ 2.38 / - 0.45 |
|
| 15% in 24 h |
21-40 min |
0.686 |
0.001 |
101.13 |
51.6 (45.5, 57.7) |
85.5 (81.2, 89.8) |
+ 3.56 / - 0.57 |
|
| 15% in 24 h |
41-60 min |
0.681 |
0.001 |
99.25 |
48.4 (42.3, 54.5) |
86.0 (81.8, 90.2) |
+ 3.46 / - 0.60 |
|
| 15% in 24 h |
61-90 min |
0.683 |
0.001 |
90.25 |
61.3 (55.4, 67.2) |
71.9 (66.4, 77.4) |
+ 2.18 / - 0.54 |
|
| 15% in 24 h | 91-120 min | 0.730 | <0.0001 | 93.17 | 64.5 (58.6, 70.4) | 77.8 (72.7, 82.9) | + 2.91 / - 0.46 | |
AUC – area under the curve, CI – confidence interval, h – hours
*Values next to the + sign, represent the likelihood ratio for positive results and those next to the – sign represents the likelihood ratio for negative results. This means that the positive results are associated with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and the negative results are associated with absence of PPH.