Fig. 1.

Selection rationale and characterization of DAPPD. (A) Chemical structure and working principle of DAPPD. (B) Representative chromatograms and values from the brain-uptake studies^a of DAPPD and acetaminophen (AAP) in the plasma, whole brain, and CSF 5 min after i.p. injection. ^aC57BL/6 mice; 10 mg/kg; i.p.; 5-min administration. ^bMean (n = 3). ^cStandard deviation. ^dCoefficient of variation. n.d., not detected. (C) Metabolic stability; human liver microsomes. ^eHalf-life (t_1/2). ^fIntrinsic clearance (CI_int). (D) Cytotoxicity of DAPPD. Cell viability (%) of N2a neuroblastoma cells incubated with various concentrations of DAPPD for 24 h was measured by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay (MTT assay). The cell viability (%) was calculated relative to cells treated with an equivalent amount of dimethyl sulfoxide (1% vol/vol). All error bars indicate SEM.